Configuring Certificate Authorities and Digital Certificates

This chapter includes the following topics:

Information About Certificate Authorities and Digital Certificates

Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) support provides the means for the Cisco MDS 9000 Family switches to obtain and use digital certificates for secure communication in the network. PKI support provides manageability and scalability for IPsec/IKE and SSH.

Certificate Authorities (CAs) manage certificate requests and issue certificates to participating entities such as hosts, network devices, or users. The CAs provide centralized key management for the participating entities.

Digital signatures, based on public key cryptography, digitally authenticate devices and individual users. In public key cryptography, such as the RSA encryption system, each device or user has a key-pair containing both a private key and a public key. The private key is kept secret and is known only to the owning device or user only. However, the public key is known to everybody. The keys act as complements. Anything encrypted with one of the keys can be decrypted with the other. A signature is formed when data is encrypted with a sender’s private key. The receiver verifies the signature by decrypting the message with the sender’s public key. This process relies on the receiver having a copy of the sender’s public key and knowing with a high degree of certainty that it really does belong to the sender and not to someone pretending to be the sender.

This section includes the following topics:

Purpose of CAs and Digital Certificates

CAs manage certificate requests and issue certificates to participating entities such as hosts, network devices, or users. The CAs provide centralized key management for the participating entities.

Digital signatures, based on public key cryptography, digitally authenticate devices and individual users. In public key cryptography, such as the RSA encryption system, each device or user has a key-pair containing both a private key and a public key. The private key is kept secret and is known only to the owning device or user only. However, the public key is known to everybody. The keys act as complements. Anything encrypted with one of the keys can be decrypted with the other. A signature is formed when data is encrypted with a sender’s private key. The receiver verifies the signature by decrypting the message with the sender’s public key. This process relies on the receiver having a copy of the sender’s public key and knowing with a high degree of certainty that it really does belong to the sender and not to someone pretending to be the sender.

Digital certificates link the digital signature to the sender. A digital certificate contains information to identify a user or device, such as the name, serial number, company, department, or IP address. It also contains a copy of the entity’s public key. The certificate is itself signed by a CA, a third party that is explicitly trusted by the receiver to validate identities and to create digital certificates.

To validate the signature of the CA, the receiver must first know the CA’s public key. Normally this process is handled out-of-band or through an operation done at installation. For instance, most web browsers are configured with the public keys of several CAs by default. The Internet Key Exchange (IKE), an essential component of IPsec, can use digital signatures to scalably authenticate peer devices before setting up security associations.

Trust Model, Trust Points, and Identity CAs

The trust model used in PKI support is hierarchical with multiple configurable trusted CAs. Each participating entity is configured with a list of CAs to be trusted so that the peer’s certificate obtained during the security protocol exchanges can be verified, provided it has been issued by one of the locally trusted CAs. To accomplish this, the CA’s self-signed root certificate (or certificate chain for a subordinate CA) is locally stored. The process of securely obtaining a trusted CA’s root certificate (or the entire chain in the case of a subordinate CA) and storing it locally is called CA authentication and is a mandatory step in trusting a CA.

The information about a trusted CA that is locally configured is called the trust point and the CA itself is called a trust point CA . This information consists of CA certificate (or certificate chain in case of a subordinate CA) and the certificate revocation checking information.

The MDS switch can also enroll with a trust point to obtain an identity certificate (for example, for IPsec/IKE). This trust point is called an identity CA .

RSA Key-Pairs and Identity Certificates

You can generate one or more RSA key-pairs and associate each RSA key-pair with a trust point CA where the MDS switch intends to enroll to obtain an identity certificate. The MDS switch needs only one identity per CA, which consists of one key-pair and one identity certificate per CA.

Cisco MDS NX-OS allows you to generate RSA key-pairs with a configurable key size (or modulus). The default key size is 512. You can also configure an RSA key-pair label. The default key label is the switch fully qualified domain name (FQDN).

The following list summarizes the relationship between trust points, RSA key-pairs, and identity certificates:

  • A trust point corresponds to a specific CA that the MDS switch trusts for peer certificate verification for any application (such as IKE or SSH).
  • An MDS switch can have many trust points and all applications on the switch can trust a peer certificate issued by any of the trust point CAs.
  • A trust point is not restricted to a specific application.
  • An MDS switch enrolls with the CA corresponding to the trust point to obtain an identity certificate. You can enroll your switch with multiple trust points thereby obtaining a separate identity certificate from each trust point. The identity certificates are used by applications depending upon the purposes specified in the certificate by the issuing CA. The purpose of a certificate is stored in the certificate as certificate extensions.
  • When enrolling with a trust point, you must specify an RSA key-pair to be certified. This key-pair must be generated and associated to the trust point before generating the enrollment request. The association between the trust point, key-pair, and identity certificate is valid until it is explicitly removed by deleting the certificate, key-pair, or trust point.
  • The subject name in the identity certificate is the fully qualified domain name for the MDS switch.
  • You can generate one or more RSA key-pairs on a switch and each can be associated to one or more trust points. But no more than one key-pair can be associated to a trust point, which means only one identity certificate is allowed from a CA.
  • If multiple identity certificates (each from a distinct CA) have been obtained, the certificate that an application selects to use in a security protocol exchange with a peer is application specific.
  • You do not need to designate one or more trust points for an application. Any application can use any certificate issued by any trust point as long as the certificate purpose satisfies the application requirements.
  • You do not need more than one identity certificate from a trust point or more than one key-pair to be associated to a trust point. A CA certifies a given identity (name) only once and does not issue multiple certificates with the same subject name. If you need more than one identity certificate for a CA, then define another trust point for the same CA, associate another key-pair to it, and have it certified, provided CA allows multiple certificates with the same subject name.

Multiple Trusted CA Support

An MDS switch can be configured to trust multiple CAs by configuring multiple trust points and associating each with a distinct CA. With multiple trusted CAs, you do not have to enroll a switch with the specific CA that issued a certificate to a peer. Instead, you configure the switch with multiple trusted CAs that the peer trusts. A switch can then use a configured trusted CA to verify certificates offered by a peer that were not issued by the same CA defined in the identity of the switch.

Configuring multiple trusted CAs allows two or more switches enrolled under different domains (different CAs) to verify the identity of each other when using IKE to set up IPsec tunnels.

PKI Enrollment Support

Enrollment is the process of obtaining an identity certificate for the switch that is used for applications such as IPsec/IKE or SSH. It occurs between the switch requesting the certificate and the certificate authority.

The PKI enrollment process for a switch involves the following steps:

1. Generate an RSA private and public key-pair on the switch.

2. Generate a certificate request in standard format and forward it to the CA.

3. Manual intervention at the CA server by the CA administrator may be required to approve the enrollment request, when it is received by the CA.

4. Receive the issued certificate back from the CA, signed with the CA’s private key.

5. Write the certificate into a nonvolatile storage area on the switch (bootflash).

Manual Enrollment Using Cut-and-Paste Method

Cisco MDS NX-OS supports certificate retrieval and enrollment using a manual cut-and-paste method. Cut-and-paste enrollment literally means you must cut and paste the certificate requests and resulting certificates between the switch and the CA, as follows:

1. Create an enrollment certificate request, which is displayed in base64-encoded text form.

2. Cut and paste the encoded certificate request text in an e-mail message or in a web form and send it to the CA.

3. Receive the issued certificate (in base64-encoded text form) from the CA in an e-mail message or in a web browser download.

4. Cut and paste the issued certificate to the switch using the certificate import facility.


Note DCNM-SAN does not support cut and paste. Instead, it allows the enrollment request (certificate signing request) to be saved in a file to be sent manually to the CA.


Multiple RSA Key-Pair and Identity CA Support

Multiple identity CA support enables the switch to enroll with more than one trust point. This results in multiple identity certificates; each from a distinct CA. This allows the switch to participate in IPsec and other applications with many peers using certificates issued by appropriate CAs that are acceptable to those peers.

The multiple RSA key-pair support feature allows the switch to maintain a distinct key pair for each CA with which it is enrolled. Thus, it can match policy requirements for each CA without conflicting with the requirements specified by the other CAs, such as key length. The switch can generate multiple RSA key-pairs and associate each key-pair with a distinct trust point. Thereafter, when enrolling with a trust point, the associated key-pair is used to construct the certificate request.

Peer Certificate Verification

The PKI support on an MDS switch provides the means to verify peer certificates. The switch verifies certificates presented by peers during security exchanges pertaining to applications, such as IPsec/IKE and SSH. The applications verify the validity of the peer certificates presented to them. The peer certificate verification process involves the following steps:

  • Verifies that the peer certificate is issued by one of the locally trusted CAs.
  • Verifies that the peer certificate is valid (not expired) with respect to current time.
  • Verifies that the peer certificate is not yet revoked by the issuing CA.

For revocation checking, two methods are supported: certificate revocation list (CRL) and Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP). A trust point uses one or both of these methods to verify that the peer certificate has not been revoked.

CRL Downloading, Caching, and Checking Support

Certificate revocation lists (CRLs) are maintained by CAs to give information of prematurely revoked certificates, and the CRLs are published in a repository. The download URL is made public and also specified in all issued certificates. A client verifying a peer’s certificate should obtain the latest CRL from the issuing CA and use it to determine if the certificate has been revoked. A client can cache the CRLs of some or all of its trusted CAs locally and use them later if necessary until the CRLs expire.

Cisco MDS NX-OS allows the manual configuration of pre-downloaded of CRLs for the trust points, and then caches them in the switch bootflash (cert-store). During the verification of a peer certificate by IPsec or SSH, the issuing CA’s CRL is consulted only if the CRL has already been cached locally and the revocation checking is configured to use CRL. Otherwise, CRL checking is not performed and the certificate is considered to be not revoked if no other revocation checking methods are configured. This mode of CRL checking is called CRL optional.

OCSP Support

Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) facilitates online certificate revocation checking. You can specify an OCSP URL for each trust point. Applications choose the revocation checking mechanisms in a specified order. The choices are CRL, OCSP, none, or a combination of these methods.

Import and Export Support for Certificates and Associated Key-Pairs

As part of the CA authentication and enrollment process, the subordinate CA certificate (or certificate chain) and identity certificates can be imported in standard PEM (base64) format.

The complete identity information in a trust point can be exported to a file in the password-protected PKCS#12 standard format. It can be later imported to the same switch (for example, after a system crash) or to a replacement switch. The information in a PKCS#12 file consists of the RSA key-pair, the identity certificate, and the CA certificate (or chain).

Maximum Limits

Table 30-1 lists the maximum limits for CAs and digital certificate parameters.

 

Table 30-1 Maximum Limits for CA and Digital Certificate

Feature
Maximum Limit

Trust points declared on a switch

16

RSA key-pairs generated on a switch

16

Identity certificates configured on a switch

16

Certificates in a CA certificate chain

10

Trust points authenticated to a specific CA

10

Default Settings

Table 30-2 lists the default settings for CAs and digital certificate parameters.

 

Table 30-2 Default CA and Digital Certificate Parameters

Parameters
Default

Trust point

None

RSA key-pair

None

RSA key-pair label

Switch FQDN

RSA key-pair modulus

512

RSA key-pair exportable

Yes

Revocation check method of trust point

CRL

Configuring CAs and Digital Certificates

This section describes the tasks you must perform to allow CAs and digital certificates your Cisco MDS switch device to interoperate. This section includes the following sections:

Configuring the Host Name and IP Domain Name

You must configure the host name and IP domain name of the switch if they are not already configured. This is required because switch FQDN is used as the subject in the identity certificate. Also, the switch FQDN is used as a default key label when none is specified during key-pair generation. For example, a certificate named SwitchA.example.com is based on a switch host name of SwitchA and a switch IP domain name of example.com.


Caution Changing the host name or IP domain name after generating the certificate can invalidate the certificate.

Detailed Steps

To configure the host name and IP domain name of the switch, follow these steps:

 
Command
Purpose

Step 1

switch# config terminal

switch(config)#

Enters configuration mode.

Step 2

switch(config)# hostname SwitchA

Configures the host name (SwitchA) of the switch.

Step 3

SwitchA(config)# ip domain-name example.com

Configures the IP domain name (example.com) of the switch.

To configure the host name and IP domain name, refer to the Cisco MDS 9000 NX-OS Fundamental Configuration Guide .

Generating an RSA Key Pair

RSA key-pairs are used to sign and/or encrypt and decrypt the security payload during security protocol exchanges for applications such as IKE/IPsec and SSH, and they are required before you can obtain a certificate for your switch.

To generate an RSA key-pair, follow these steps:

 
Command
Purpose

Step 1

switch# config terminal

switch(config)#

Enters configuration mode.

Step 2

switch(config)# crypto key generate rsa

Generates an RSA key-pair with the switch FQDN as the default label and 512 as the default modulus. By default, the key is not exportable.

Note The security policy (or requirement) at the local site (MDS switch) and at the CA (where enrollment is planned) are considered in deciding the appropriate key modulus.

Note The maximum number of key-pairs you can configure on a switch is 16.

switch(config)# crypto key generate rsa label SwitchA modulus 768

Generates an RSA key-pair with the label SwitchA and modulus 768. Valid modulus values are 512, 768, 1024, 1536, and 2048. By default, the key is not exportable.

switch(config)# crypto key generate rsa exportable

Generates an RSA key-pair with the switch FQDN as the default label and 512 as the default modulus. The key is exportable.


Caution The exportability of a key-pair cannot be changed after key-pair generation.

Note Only exportable key-pairs can be exported in PKCS#12 format.

To generate an RSA key-pair, follow these steps:


Step 1 Expand Switches > Security and then select PKI in the Information pane.

Step 2 Click the RSA Key-Pair tab.

Step 3 Click Create Row .

Step 4 Select the switches for which you want to create the RSA key-pair.

Step 5 Assign a name to the RSA key-pair.

Step 6 Select the Size or modulus values. Valid modulus values are 512, 768, 1024, 1536, and 2048.


Note The security policy (or requirement) at the local site (MDS switch) and at the CA (where enrollment is planned) are considered in deciding the appropriate key modulus.



Note The maximum number of key-pairs you can configure on a switch is 16.


Step 7 Check the Exportable check box if you want the key to be exportable.


Caution The exportability of a key-pair cannot be changed after key-pair generation.


Note Only exportable key-pairs can be exported in PKCS#12 format.


Step 8 Click Create to create the RSA key pair.


 

Creating a Trust Point CA Association

To create a trust point CA association, follow these steps:

 
Command
Purpose

Step 1

switch(config)# crypto ca trustpoint admin-ca

switch(config-trustpoint)#

Declares a trust point CA that the switch should trust and enters trust point configuration submode.

Note The maximum number of trust points you can declare on a switch is 16.

switch(config)# no crypto ca trustpoint admin-ca

Removes the trust point CA.

Step 2

switch(config-trustpoint)# enroll terminal

Specifies manual cut-and-paste certificate enrollment (default).

Note Manual cut-and-paste certificate enrollment is the only method supported for enrollment.

Step 3

switch(config-trustpoint)# rsakeypair SwitchA

Specifies the label of the RSA key-pair to be associated to this trust point for the purpose of enrollment. It was generated earlier in the “Generating an RSA Key Pair” section. Only one RSA key-pair can be specified per CA.

switch(config-trustpoint)# no rsakeypair SwitchA

Disassociates the RSA key-pair from the trust point (default).

Step 4

switch(config-trustpoint)# end

switch#

Exits trust point configuration submode.

Step 5

switch# copy running-config startup-config

Copies the running configuration to the startup configuration to ensure the configuration is persistent across reboots.

To create a trust point CA association, follow these steps:


Step 1 Expand Switches > Security, and then select PKI in the Physical Attributes pane.

Step 2 Click the Trust Point tab in the Information Pane.

Step 3 Click Create Row .

Step 4 Select the switch for which you are creating the trust point CA from the Switch drop-down menu.

Step 5 Assign a name to the trust point CA.

Step 6 Select a key-pair name to be associated with this trust point for enrollment. It was generated earlier in the “Generating an RSA Key Pair” section. Only one RSA key-pair can be specified per CA.

Step 7 From the RevokeCheckMethod drop-down menu, select the certificate revocation method that you would like to use. You can use CRL, OCSP, CRL OCSP, or OCSP CRL to check for certificate revocation.

The CRL OCSP option checks for revoked certificates first in the locally stored CRL. If not found, the switch uses OCSP to check the revoked certificates on the URL specified in Step 7.

Step 8 Enter the OCSP URL if you selected an OCSP certificate revocation method.


Note The OSCP URL must be configured before configuring the revocation checking method.


Step 9 Click Create to successfully create the trust point CA.


 

Copying Files to Bootflash

To copy files to bootflash using Device Manager, follow these steps:


Step 1 Choose Admin > Flash Files .

Step 2 Select bootflash in the Device field.

Step 3 Click Copy .

Step 4 Select tftp as the Protocol field.

Step 5 Click the Browse button to locate the appropriate file to copy to bootflash.

Step 6 Click Apply to apply these changes.


 

Authenticating the CA

The configuration process of trusting a CA is complete only when the CA is authenticated to the MDS switch. The switch must authenticate the CA. It does this by obtaining the self-signed certificate of the CA in PEM format, which contains the public key of the CA. Because the certificate of the CA is self-signed (the CA signs its own certificate) the public key of the CA should be manually authenticated by contacting the CA administrator to compare the fingerprint of the CA certificate.


Note If the CA being authenticated is not a self-signed CA (that is, it is a subordinate CA to another CA, which itself may be a subordinate to yet another CA, and so on, finally ending in a self-signed CA), then the full list of the CA certificates of all the CAs in the certification chain needs to be input during the CA authentication step. This is called the CA certificate chain of the CA being authenticated. The maximum number of certificates in a CA certificate chain is 10.


To authenticate a CA, follow these steps:


Step 1 Expand Switches > Security, and then select PKI in the Physical Attributes pane.

Step 2 Click the Trust Point Actions tab in the Information pane.

Step 3 From the Command field drop-down menu, select the appropriate option.

Available options are caauth , cadelete , certreq , certimport , certdelete , pkcs12import , and pkcs12export . The caauth option is provided to authenticate a CA and install its CA certificate or certificate chain in a trust point.

Step 4 Click the Browse button in the URL field and select the appropriate import certificate file from the Bootflash Files dialog box. It is the file name containing the CA certificate or chain in the bootflash:filename format.


Note You can authenticate a maximum of 10 trust points to a specific CA.



Note If you do not see the required file in the Import Certificate dialog box, make sure that you copy the file to bootflash. See “$paratext>” section.


Step 5 Click Apply Changes to save the changes .

Authentication is then confirmed or not confirmed depending on whether or not the certificate can be accepted after manual verification of its fingerprint.


 

To authenticate the certificate of the CA by cutting and pasting the certificate from an e-mail message or a website, follow these steps:

 
Command
Purpose

Step 1

switch# config t

switch(config)#

Enters configuration mode.

Step 2

switch(config)# crypto ca authenticate admin-ca

input (cut & paste) CA certificate (chain) in PEM format;

end the input with a line containing only END OF INPUT :

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----

MIIC4jCCAoygAwIBAgIQBWDSiay0GZRPSRIljK0ZejANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCB

kDEgMB4GCSqGSIb3DQEJARYRYW1hbmRrZUBjaXNjby5jb20xCzAJBgNVBAYTAklO

MRIwEAYDVQQIEwlLYXJuYXRha2ExEjAQBgNVBAcTCUJhbmdhbG9yZTEOMAwGA1UE

ChMFQ2lzY28xEzARBgNVBAsTCm5ldHN0b3JhZ2UxEjAQBgNVBAMTCUFwYXJuYSBD

QTAeFw0wNTA1MDMyMjQ2MzdaFw0wNzA1MDMyMjU1MTdaMIGQMSAwHgYJKoZIhvcN

AQkBFhFhbWFuZGtlQGNpc2NvLmNvbTELMAkGA1UEBhMCSU4xEjAQBgNVBAgTCUth

cm5hdGFrYTESMBAGA1UEBxMJQmFuZ2Fsb3JlMQ4wDAYDVQQKEwVDaXNjbzETMBEG

A1UECxMKbmV0c3RvcmFnZTESMBAGA1UEAxMJQXBhcm5hIENBMFwwDQYJKoZIhvcN

AQEBBQADSwAwSAJBAMW/7b3+DXJPANBsIHHzluNccNM87ypyzwuoSNZXOMpeRXXI

OzyBAgiXT2ASFuUOwQ1iDM8rO/41jf8RxvYKvysCAwEAAaOBvzCBvDALBgNVHQ8E

BAMCAcYwDwYDVR0TAQH/BAUwAwEB/zAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUJyjyRoMbrCNMRU2OyRhQ

GgsWbHEwawYDVR0fBGQwYjAuoCygKoYoaHR0cDovL3NzZS0wOC9DZXJ0RW5yb2xs

L0FwYXJuYSUyMENBLmNybDAwoC6gLIYqZmlsZTovL1xcc3NlLTA4XENlcnRFbnJv

bGxcQXBhcm5hJTIwQ0EuY3JsMBAGCSsGAQQBgjcVAQQDAgEAMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEB

BQUAA0EAHv6UQ+8nE399Tww+KaGr0g0NIJaqNgLh0AFcT0rEyuyt/WYGPzksF9Ea

NBG7E0oN66zex0EOEfG1Vs6mXp1//w==

-----END CERTIFICATE-----

END OF INPUT

Fingerprint(s): MD5 Fingerprint=65:84:9A:27:D5:71:03:33:9C:12:23:92:38:6F:78:12

 

 

 

Do you accept this certificate? [yes/no]: y

Prompts you to cut and paste the certificate of the CA. Use the same name that you used when declaring the CA.

Note The maximum number of trust points you can authenticate to a specific CA is 10.


Note For subordinate CA authentication, the full chain of CA certificates ending in a self-signed CA is required because the CA chain is needed for certificate verification as well as for PKCS#12 format export.


Confirming CA Authentication

As mentioned in step 5 of “Authenticating the CA” section, CA authentication is required to be followed by CA confirmation in order to accept the CA certificate based on its fingerprint verification.

 

To confirm CA authentication, follow these steps:


Step 1 Expand Switches > Security, and then select PKI in the Physical Attributes pane.

Step 2 Click the Trust Point Actions tab in the Information Pane.

Step 3 Make a note of the CA certificate fingerprint displayed in the IssuerCert FingerPrint column for the trust point row in question. Compare the CA certificate fingerprint with the fingerprint already communicated by the CA (obtained from the CA web site).

If the fingerprints match exactly, accept the CA with the certconfirm command in the Command drop-down menu. Otherwise, reject the CA with the certnoconfirm command.

Step 4 If you selected certconfirm in step 3, click Command and select the certconfirm action from the drop-down menu. Click Apply Changes.

If you selected certnoconfirm in step 3, click Command and select the certnoconfirm action drop-down menu. Click Apply Changes .


 

Configuring Certificate Revocation Checking Methods

During security exchanges with a client (for example, an IKE peer or SSH user), the MDS switch performs the certificate verification of the peer certificate sent by the client and the verification process may involve certificate revocation status checking.

You can use different methods for checking for revoked sender certificates. You can configure the switch to check the CRL downloaded from the CA (see the “Configuring a CRL” section), you can use OSCP if it is supported in your network, or both. Downloading the CRL and checking locally does not generate traffic in your network. However, certificates can be revoked between downloads and your switch would not be aware of the revocation. OCSP provides the means to check the current CRL on the CA. However, OCSP can generate network traffic that can impact network efficiency. Using both local CRL checking and OCSP provides the most secure method for checking for revoked certificates.


Note You must authenticate the CA before configuring certificate revocation checking.


DCNM-SAN allows you to configure certificate revocation checking methods when you are creating a trust point CA. See “Creating a Trust Point CA Association” section.

 

To configure certificate revocation checking methods, follow these steps:

 
Command
Purpose

Step 1

switch(config)# crypto ca trustpoint admin-ca

switch(config-trustpoint)#

Declares a trust point CA that the switch should trust and enters trust point configuration submode.

Step 2

switch(config-trustpoint)# ocsp url http://crlcheck.cisco.com

Specifies the for OCSP to use to check for revoked certificates.

switch(config-trustpoint)# no ocsp url http://crlcheck.cisco.com

Removes the URL for OCSP.

Step 3

switch(config-trustpoint)# revocation-check oscp

Specifies OCSP as the revocation checking method to be employed during verification of peer certificates issued by the same CA as that of this trust point.

Note The OSCP URL must be configured before specifying OSCP as a revocation checking method.

switch(config-trustpoint)# revocation-check crl

Specifies CRL (default) as the revocation checking method to be employed during verification of peer certificates issued by the same CA as that of this trust point.

switch(config-trustpoint)# revocation-check crl oscp

Specifies CRL as the first revocation checking method and OCSP as the next method. If the CRL method fails (for example, due to the CRL is not found or has expired) to be used during verification of peer certificates issued by the same CA as that of this trust point, then OSCP is used.

Note The OSCP URL must be configured before specifying OSCP as a revocation checking method.

switch(config-trustpoint)# revocation-check none

Does not check for revoked certificates.

switch(config-trustpoint)# no revocation-check

Reverts to default method.

Generating Certificate Requests

You must generate a request to obtain identity certificates from the associated trust point CA for each of your switch’s RSA key pairs. You must then cut and paste the displayed request into an e-mail message or in a website form for the CA.

To generate a request for signed certificates from the CA, follow these steps:

 

 
Command
Purpose

Step 1

switch# config terminal

switch(config)#

Enters configuration mode.

Step 2

switch(config)# crypto ca enroll admin-ca

Create the certificate request ..

Create a challenge password. You will need to verbally provide this

password to the CA Administrator in order to revoke your certificate.

For security reasons your password will not be saved in the configuration.

Please make a note of it.

Password: nbv123

The subject name in the certificate will be: Vegas-1.cisco.com

Include the switch serial number in the subject name? [yes/no]: no

Include an IP address in the subject name [yes/no]: yes

ip address: 172.22.31.162

The certificate request will be displayed...

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----

MIIBqzCCARQCAQAwHDEaMBgGA1UEAxMRVmVnYXMtMS5jaXNjby5jb20wgZ8wDQYJ

KoZIhvcNAQEBBQADgY0AMIGJAoGBAL8Y1UAJ2NC7jUJ1DVaSMqNIgJ2kt8rl4lKY

0JC6ManNy4qxk8VeMXZSiLJ4JgTzKWdxbLDkTTysnjuCXGvjb+wj0hEhv/y51T9y

P2NJJ8ornqShrvFZgC7ysN/PyMwKcgzhbVpj+rargZvHtGJ91XTq4WoVkSCzXv8S

VqyH0vEvAgMBAAGgTzAVBgkqhkiG9w0BCQcxCBMGbmJ2MTIzMDYGCSqGSIb3DQEJ

DjEpMCcwJQYDVR0RAQH/BBswGYIRVmVnYXMtMS5jaXNjby5jb22HBKwWH6IwDQYJ

KoZIhvcNAQEEBQADgYEAkT60KER6Qo8nj0sDXZVHSfJZh6K6JtDz3Gkd99GlFWgt

PftrNcWUE/pw6HayfQl2T3ecgNwel2d15133YBF2bktExiI6Ul88nTOjglXMjja8

8a23bNDpNsM8rklwA6hWkrVL8NUZEFJxqbjfngPNTZacJCUS6ZqKCMetbKytUx0=

-----END CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----

 

Generates a certificate request for an authenticated CA.

Note The challenge password is not saved with the configuration. This password is required in the event that your certificate needs to be revoked, so you must remember this password.

To generate a request for signed certificates from the CA, follow these steps:


Step 1 Expand Switches > Security, and then select PKI in the Physical Attributes pane.

Step 2 Click the Trust Point Actions tab in the Information pane.

Step 3 Select the certreq option from the Command drop-down menu.

This action generates a PKCS#10 certificate signing request (CSR) needed for an identity certificate from the CA corresponding to this trust point entry. This entry requires an associated key-pair. The CA certificate or certificate chain should already be configured through the caauth action. See “Authenticating the CA” section.

Step 4 Enter the output file name for storing the generated certificate request.

It will be used to store the CSR generated in PEM format. Use the format bootflash:filename. This CSR should be submitted to the CA to get the identity certificate. Once the identity certificate is obtained, it should be installed in this trust point. See “Installing Identity Certificates” section.

Step 5 Enter the challenge password to be included in the CSR.


Note The challenge password is not saved with the configuration. This password is required in the event that your certificate needs to be revoked, so you must remember this password.


Step 6 Click Apply Changes to save the changes.


 

Installing Identity Certificates

You receive the identity certificate from the CA by e-mail or through a web browser in base64 encoded text form. You must install the identity certificate from the CA by cutting and pasting the encoded text using the CLI import facility.

 

To install an identity certificate received from the CA by e-mail or through a web browser, follow these steps:

 
Command
Purpose

Step 1

switch# config terminal

switch(config)#

Enters configuration mode.

Step 2

switch(config)# crypto ca import admin-ca certificate

input (cut & paste) certificate in PEM format:

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----

MIIEADCCA6qgAwIBAgIKCjOOoQAAAAAAdDANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCBkDEgMB4G

CSqGSIb3DQEJARYRYW1hbmRrZUBjaXNjby5jb20xCzAJBgNVBAYTAklOMRIwEAYD

VQQIEwlLYXJuYXRha2ExEjAQBgNVBAcTCUJhbmdhbG9yZTEOMAwGA1UEChMFQ2lz

Y28xEzARBgNVBAsTCm5ldHN0b3JhZ2UxEjAQBgNVBAMTCUFwYXJuYSBDQTAeFw0w

NTExMTIwMzAyNDBaFw0wNjExMTIwMzEyNDBaMBwxGjAYBgNVBAMTEVZlZ2FzLTEu

Y2lzY28uY29tMIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQC/GNVACdjQu41C

dQ1WkjKjSICdpLfK5eJSmNCQujGpzcuKsZPFXjF2UoiyeCYE8ylncWyw5E08rJ47

glxr42/sI9IRIb/8udU/cj9jSSfKK56koa7xWYAu8rDfz8jMCnIM4W1aY/q2q4Gb

x7RifdV06uFqFZEgs17/Elash9LxLwIDAQABo4ICEzCCAg8wJQYDVR0RAQH/BBsw

GYIRVmVnYXMtMS5jaXNjby5jb22HBKwWH6IwHQYDVR0OBBYEFKCLi+2sspWEfgrR

bhWmlVyo9jngMIHMBgNVHSMEgcQwgcGAFCco8kaDG6wjTEVNjskYUBoLFmxxoYGW

pIGTMIGQMSAwHgYJKoZIhvcNAQkBFhFhbWFuZGtlQGNpc2NvLmNvbTELMAkGA1UE

BhMCSU4xEjAQBgNVBAgTCUthcm5hdGFrYTESMBAGA1UEBxMJQmFuZ2Fsb3JlMQ4w

DAYDVQQKEwVDaXNjbzETMBEGA1UECxMKbmV0c3RvcmFnZTESMBAGA1UEAxMJQXBh

cm5hIENBghAFYNKJrLQZlE9JEiWMrRl6MGsGA1UdHwRkMGIwLqAsoCqGKGh0dHA6

Ly9zc2UtMDgvQ2VydEVucm9sbC9BcGFybmElMjBDQS5jcmwwMKAuoCyGKmZpbGU6

Ly9cXHNzZS0wOFxDZXJ0RW5yb2xsXEFwYXJuYSUyMENBLmNybDCBigYIKwYBBQUH

AQEEfjB8MDsGCCsGAQUFBzAChi9odHRwOi8vc3NlLTA4L0NlcnRFbnJvbGwvc3Nl

LTA4X0FwYXJuYSUyMENBLmNydDA9BggrBgEFBQcwAoYxZmlsZTovL1xcc3NlLTA4

XENlcnRFbnJvbGxcc3NlLTA4X0FwYXJuYSUyMENBLmNydDANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUF

AANBADbGBGsbe7GNLh9xeOTWBNbm24U69ZSuDDcOcUZUUTgrpnTqVpPyejtsyflw

E36cIZu4WsExREqxbTk8ycx7V5o=

-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Prompts you to cut and paste the identity certificate for the CA named admin-ca.

Note The maximum number of identify certificates you can configure on a switch is 16.

To install an identity certificate received from the CA, follow these steps:


Step 1 Expand Switches > Security, and then select PKI in the Physical Attributes pane.

Step 2 Click the Trust Point Actions tab, in the Information pane.

Step 3 Select the certimport option from the Command drop-down menu to import an identity certificate in this trust point. The identity certificate is obtained from the corresponding CA for a CSR that was generated previously (see “Generating Certificate Requests” section).


Note The identity certificate should be available in PEM format in a file in bootflash.


Step 4 Enter the name of the certificate file that should have been copied to bootflash in the URL field in the bootflash:filename format.

Step 5 Click Apply Changes to save your changes.

If successful, the values of the identity certificate and its related objects, like the certificate file name, are automatically updated with the appropriate values as per the corresponding attributes in the identity certificate.


 

Saving Your Configuration

Save your work when you make configuration changes or the information is lost when you exit.

To save your configuration, follow these steps:


Step 1 Expand Switches, and then select Copy Configuration in the Physical Attributes pane.

Step 2 Select the switch configuration including the RSA key pairs and certificates.

Step 3 Click Apply Changes to save the changes.


 

Ensuring Trust Point Configurations Persist Across Reboots

The trust point configuration is a normal Cisco NX-OS configuration that persists across system reboots only if you copy it explicitly to the startup configuration. The certificates, key pairs, and CRL associated with a trust point are automatically persistent if you have already copied the trust point configuration in the startup configuration. Conversely, if the trust point configuration is not copied to the startup configuration, the certificates, key pairs, and CRL associated with it are not persistent since they require the corresponding trust point configuration after a reboot. Always copy the running configuration to the startup configuration to ensure that the configured certificates, key pairs, and CRLs are persistent. Also, save the running configuration after deleting a certificate or key pair to ensure that the deletions are permanent.

The certificates and CRL associated with a trust point automatically become persistent when imported (that is, without an explicitly copying to the startup configuration) if the specific trust point is already saved in startup configuration.

We also recommend that you create a password-protected backup of the identity certificates and save it to an external server (see the “Exporting and Importing Identity Information in PKCS#12 Format” section).


Note Copying the configuration to an external server does include the certificates and key pairs.


Monitoring and Maintaining CA and Certificates Configuration

The tasks in the section are optional. This section includes the following topics:

Exporting and Importing Identity Information in PKCS#12 Format

You can export the identity certificate along with the RSA key pair and CA certificate (or the entire chain in the case of a subordinate CA) of a trust point to a PKCS#12 file for backup purposes. You can later import the certificate and RSA key pair to recover from a system crash on your switch or when you replace the supervisor modules.


Note Only the bootflash:filename format local syntax is supported when specifying the export and import URL.


To export a certificate and key-pair to a PKCS#12-formatted file, follow these steps:

 
Command
Purpose

Step 1

switch# config terminal

switch(config)#

Enters configuration mode.

Step 2

switch(config)# crypto ca export admin-ca pkcs12 bootflash:adminid.p12 nbv123

Exports the identity certificate and associated key-pair and CA certificates for trust point admin-ca to the file bootflash:adminid.p12 in PKCS#12 format, protected using password nbv123.

Step 3

switch(config)# exit

switch#

Returns to EXEC mode.

Step 4

switch# copy bootflash:adminid.p12 tftp:adminid.p12

Copies the PKCS#12 format file to a TFTP server.

To export a certificate and key pair to a PKCS#12-formatted file, follow these steps:


Step 1 Expand Switches > Security, and then select PKI in the Physical Attributes pane.

Step 2 Click the Trust Point Actions tab in the Information Pane (see Figure 30-1).

Step 3 Select the pkcs12export option in the Command drop-down menu to export the key pair, identity certificate, and the CA certificate or certificate chain in PKCS#12 format from the selected trust point.

Figure 30-1 Pkcs12export Option Exports a Key Pair

 

Step 4 Enter the output file name as bootflash:filename to store the exported PKCS#12 identity.

Step 5 Enter the required password. The password is set for encoding the PKCS#12 data. On successful completion, the exported data is available in bootflash in the specified file.

Step 6 Click Apply Changes to save the changes.


 

To import a certificate and key-pair from a PKCS#12-formatted file, follow these steps:

 
Command
Purpose

Step 1

switch# copy tftp:adminid.p12 bootflash:adminid.p12

Copies the PKCS#12 format file from a TFTP server.

Step 2

switch# config terminal

switch(config)#

Enters configuration mode.

Step 3

switch(config)# crypto ca import admin-ca pkcs12 bootflash:adminid.p12 nbv123

Imports the identity certificate and associated key-pair and CA certificates for trust point admin-ca from the file bootflash:adminid.p12 in PKCS#12 format, protected using password nbv123.

To import a certificate and key pair formatted as a PKCS#12 formatted file, follow these steps:


Step 1 Expand Switches > Security, and then select PKI in the Physical Attributes pane.

Step 2 Click the Trust Point Actions tab in the Information pane (see Figure 30-1).

Step 3 Select the pkcs12import option from the Command drop-down menu to import the key-pair, identity certificate, and the CA certificate or certificate chain in the PKCS#12 format to the selected trust point.

Step 4 Enter the input in the bootflash:filename format containing the PKCS#12 identity.

Step 5 Enter the required password. The password is set for decoding the PKCS#12 data. On completion, the imported data is available in bootflash in the specified file.

Step 6 Click Apply Changes to save the changes.

On completion the trust point is created in the RSA key-pair table corresponding to the imported key pair. The certificate information is updated in the trust point.


 


Note The trust point must be empty (with no RSA key pair associated with it and no CA is associated with it using CA authentication) for the PKCS#12 file import to succeed.


Configuring a CRL

To import the CRL from a file to a trust point, follow these steps:

 
Command
Purpose

Step 1

switch# copy tftp:adminca.crl bootflash:adminca.crl

Downloads the CRL.

Step 2

switch# config terminal

switch(config)#

Enters configuration mode.

Step 3

switch(config)# crypto ca crl request admin-ca bootflash:adminca.crl

Configures or replaces the current CRL with the one specified in the file.

To configure the CRL from a file to a trust point, follow these steps:


Step 1 Click Switches > Security > PKI in the Physical Attributes pane.

Step 2 Click the Trust Point Actions tab in the Information pane.

Step 3 Select the crlimport option from the Command drop-down menu to import the CRL to the selected trust point.

Step 4 Enter the input file name with the CRL in the bootflash:filename format, in the URL field.

Step 5 Click Apply Changes to save the changes.


 

Deleting Certificates from the CA Configuration

You can delete the identity certificates and CA certificates that are configured in a trust point. You must first delete the identity certificate, followed by the CA certificates. After deleting the identity certificate, you can disassociate the RSA key-pair from a trust point. The certificate deletion is necessary to remove expired or revoked certificates, certificates whose key-pairs are compromised (or suspected to be compromised) or CAs that are no longer trusted.

 

To delete the CA certificate (or the entire chain in the case of a subordinate CA) from a trust point, follow these steps:

 
Command
Purpose

Step 1

switch# config t

switch(config)#

Enters configuration mode.

Step 2

switch(config)# crypto ca trustpoint myCA

Enters trustpoint configuration submode.

Step 3

switch(config-trustpoint)# delete ca-certificate

Deletes the CA certificate or certificate chain.

Step 4

switch(config-trustpoint)# delete certificate

Deletes the identity certificate.

switch(config-trustpoint)# delete certificate force

Forces the deletion of the identity certificate.

Note If the identity certificate being deleted is the last-most or only identity certificate in the device, you must use the force option to delete it. This ensures that the administrator does not mistakenly delete the last-most or only identity certificate and leave the applications (such as IKE and SSH) without a certificate to use.

Step 5

switch(config-trustpoint)# end

switch#

Returns to EXEC mode.

Step 6

switch# copy running-config startup-config

Copies the running configuration to the startup configuration to ensure the configuration is persistent across reboots.

To delete the CA certificate (or the entire chain in the case of a subordinate CA) from a trust point using DCNM-SAN, follow these steps:


Step 1 Click Switches > Security > PKI in the Physical Attributes pane.

Step 2 Click the Trust Point Actions tab in the Information pane.

Step 3 Select the cadelete option from the Command drop-down menu to delete the identity certificate from a trust point.


Note If the identity certificate being deleted is the last-most or only identity certificate in the device, you must use the forcecertdelete action to delete it. This ensures that the administrator does not mistakenly delete the last-most or only identity certificate and leave the applications (such as IKE and SSH) without a certificate to use.


Step 4 Click Apply Changes to save the changes.


 

To delete the identity certificate, click the Trust Point Actions tab and select the certdelete or forcecertdelete in the Command drop-down menu.

Deleting RSA Key Pairs from Your Switch

Under certain circumstances you may want to delete your switch’s RSA key pairs. For example, if you believe the RSA key pairs were compromised in some way and should no longer be used, you should delete the key pairs.

 

To delete RSA key-pairs from your switch, follow these steps:

 
Command
Purpose

Step 1

switch# config terminal

switch(config)#

Enters configuration mode.

Step 2

switch(config)# crypto key zeroize rsa MyKey

Deletes the RSA key-pair whose label is MyKey.

Step 3

switch(config)# end

switch#

Returns to EXEC mode.

Step 4

switch# copy running-config startup-config

Copies the running configuration to the startup configuration to ensure the configuration is persistent across reboots.

To delete RSA key pairs from your switch, follow these steps:


Step 1 Expand Switches > Security, and then select PKI in the Physical Attributes pane.

Step 2 Click the RSA Key-Pair tab in the Information pane.

Step 3 Click Delete Row .

Step 4 Click Yes or No in the Confirmation dialog box.


 


Note After you delete RSA key pairs from a switch, ask the CA administrator to revoke your switch’s certificates at the CA. You must supply the challenge password you created when you originally requested the certificates. See “Generating Certificate Requests” section.


Verifying Certificate Authorities and Digital Certificates Configuration

To display certificate authorities and digital certificates configuration information, perform one of the following tasks:

 

Command
Purpose

show crypto key mypubkey rsa

Displays information about the switch’s RSA public keys.

show crypto ca certificates

Displays information on CA and identity certificates.

show crypto ca crl

Displays information about CA CRLs.

show crypto ca trustpoints

Displays information about CA trust points.

For detailed information about the fields in the output from these commands, refer to the Cisco DC-OS Command Reference .

Configuration Examples

This section shows an example of the tasks you can use to configure certificates and CRLs on the Cisco MDS 9000 Family switches using the Microsoft Windows Certificate server.This section includes the following topics:

 

To configure certificates on an MDS switch, follow these steps:


Step 1 Configure the switch FQDN.

switch# config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
switch(config)# switchname Vegas-1
Vegas-1(config)#
 

Step 2 Configure the DNS domain name for the switch.

Vegas-1(config)# ip domain-name cisco.com
Vegas-1(config)#
 

Step 3 Create a trust point.

Vegas-1(config)# crypto ca trustpoint myCA
Vegas-1(config-trustpoint)# exit
Vegas-1(config)# do show crypto ca trustpoints
trustpoint: myCA; key:
revokation methods: crl
Vegas-1(config)#
 

Step 4 Create an RSA key-pair for the switch.

Vegas-1(config)# crypto key generate rsa label myKey exportable modulus 1024
Vegas-1(config)# do show crypto key mypubkey rsa
key label: myKey
key size: 1024
exportable: yes
 
Vegas-1(config)#
 

Step 5 Associate the RSA key-pair to the trust point.

Vegas-1(config)# crypto ca trustpoint myCA
Vegas-1(config-trustpoint)# rsakeypair myKey
Vegas-1(config-trustpoint)# exit
Vegas-1(config)# do show crypto ca trustpoints
trustpoint: myCA; key: myKey
revokation methods: crl
Vegas-1(config)#
 

Step 6 Download the CA certificate from the Microsoft Certificate Service web interface (see the “Downloading a CA Certificate” section)

Step 7 Authenticate the CA that you want to enroll to the trust point.

Vegas-1(config)# crypto ca authenticate myCA
input (cut & paste) CA certificate (chain) in PEM format;
end the input with a line containing only END OF INPUT :
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
END OF INPUT
Fingerprint(s): MD5 Fingerprint=65:84:9A:27:D5:71:03:33:9C:12:23:92:38:6F:78:12
 
 
 
Do you accept this certificate? [yes/no]:y
Vegas-1(config)#
 
Vegas-1(config)# do show crypto ca certificates
Trustpoint: myCA
CA certificate 0:
subject= /emailAddress=admin@yourcompany.com/C=IN/ST=Karnataka/L=Bangalore/O=Yourcompany/O
U=netstorage/CN=Aparna CA
issuer= /emailAddress=admin@yourcompany.com/C=IN/ST=Karnataka/L=Bangalore/O=Yourcompany/OU
=netstorage/CN=Aparna CA
serial=0560D289ACB419944F4912258CAD197A
notBefore=May 3 22:46:37 2005 GMT
notAfter=May 3 22:55:17 2007 GMT
MD5 Fingerprint=65:84:9A:27:D5:71:03:33:9C:12:23:92:38:6F:78:12
purposes: sslserver sslclient ike
 

Step 8 Generate a request certificate to use to enroll with a trust point.

Vegas-1(config)# crypto ca enroll myCA
Create the certificate request ..
Create a challenge password. You will need to verbally provide this
password to the CA Administrator in order to revoke your certificate.
For security reasons your password will not be saved in the configuration.
Please make a note of it.
Password:nbv123
The subject name in the certificate will be: Vegas-1.cisco.com
Include the switch serial number in the subject name? [yes/no]:no
Include an IP address in the subject name [yes/no]:yes
ip address:10.10.1.1
The certificate request will be displayed...
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----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=
-----END CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----
 
Vegas-1(config)#
 

Step 9 Request an identity certificate from the Microsoft Certificate Service web interface (see the “Requesting an Identity Certificate” section).

 

Step 10 Import the identity certificate.

Vegas-1(config)# crypto ca import myCA certificate
input (cut & paste) certificate in PEM format:
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
Vegas-1(config)# exit
Vegas-1#
 

Step 11 Verify the certificate configuration.

Vegas-1# show crypto ca certificates
Trustpoint: myCA
certificate:
subject= /CN=Vegas-1.cisco.com
issuer= /emailAddress=admin@yourcompany.com/C=IN/ST=Karnataka/L=Bangalore/O=Cisco/OU
=netstorage/CN=Aparna CA
serial=0A338EA1000000000074
notBefore=Nov 12 03:02:40 2005 GMT
notAfter=Nov 12 03:12:40 2006 GMT
MD5 Fingerprint=3D:33:62:3D:B4:D0:87:A0:70:DE:A3:87:B3:4E:24:BF
purposes: sslserver sslclient ike
 
CA certificate 0:
subject= /emailAddress=admin@yourcompany.com/C=IN/ST=Karnataka/L=Bangalore/O=Yourcompany/O
U=netstorage/CN=Aparna CA
issuer= /emailAddress=admin@yourcompany.com/C=IN/ST=Karnataka/L=Bangalore/O=Yourcompany/OU
=netstorage/CN=Aparna CA
serial=0560D289ACB419944F4912258CAD197A
notBefore=May 3 22:46:37 2005 GMT
notAfter=May 3 22:55:17 2007 GMT
MD5 Fingerprint=65:84:9A:27:D5:71:03:33:9C:12:23:92:38:6F:78:12
purposes: sslserver sslclient ike
 

Step 12 Save the certificate configuration to the startup configuration.

Vegas-1# copy running-config startup-config
 

To configure certificates on an MDS switch, follow these steps:


Step 1 Choose Switches and set the LogicalName field to configure the switch host name.

Step 2 Choose Switches > Interfaces > Management > DNS and set the DefaultDomainName field to configure.

Step 3 To create an RSA key-pair for the switch, follow these steps:

a. Choose Switches > Security > PKI and select the RSA Key-Pair tab.

b. Click Create Row and set the name and size field.

c. Check the Exportable check box and click Create.

Step 4 To create a trust point and associate the RSA key-pairs with it, follow these steps:

a. Choose Switches > Security > PKI and select the Trustpoints tab.

b. Click Create Row and set the TrustPointName field.

c. Select the RSA key-pairs from the KeyPairName drop-down menu.

d. Select the certificates revocation method from the CARevoke drop-down menu.

e. Click Create.

Step 5 Choose Switches > Copy Configuration and click Apply Changes to copy the running to startup configuration and save the trustpoint and key pair.

Step 6 Download the CA certificate from the CA that you want to add as the trustpoint CA.

Step 7 To authenticate the CA that you want to enroll to the trust point, follow these steps:.

a. Using Device Manager, choose Admin > Flash Files and select Copy and tftp copy the CA certificate to bootflash.

b. Using DCNM-SAN, choose Switches > Security > PKI and select the TrustPoint Actions tab.

c. Select cauth from the Command drop-down menu.

d. Click ... in the URL field and select the CA certificate from bootflash.

e. Click Apply Changes to authenticate the CA that you want to enroll to the trust point.

f. Click the Trust Point Actions tab in the Information Pane.

g. Make a note of the CA certificate fingerprint displayed in the IssuerCert FingerPrint column for the trust point row in question. Compare the CA certificate fingerprint with the fingerprint already communicated by the CA (obtained from the CA web site). If the fingerprints match exactly, accept the CA by performing the certconfirm trust point action. Otherwise, reject the CA by performing the certnoconfirm trust point action.

h. If you select certconfirm in step g, click the Trust Point Actions tab, select certconfirm from the command drop-down menu, and then click Apply Changes .

i. If you select certnoconfirm in step g, click the Trust Point Actions tab, select the certnoconfirm from the command drop-down menu and then click Apply Changes .

Step 8 To generate a certificate request for enrolling with that trust point, follow these steps:

a. Click the Trust Point Actions tab in the Information pane.

b. Select certreq from the Command drop-down menu. This generates a PKCS#10 certificate signing request (CSR) needed for an identity certificate from the CA corresponding to this trust point entry.

c. Enter the output file name for storing the generated certificate request. It should be specified in the bootflash:filename format and will be used to store the CSR generated in PEM format.

d. Enter the challenge password to be included in the CSR. The challenge password is not saved with the configuration. This password is required in the event that your certificate needs to be revoked, so you must remember this password.

e. Click Apply Changes to save the changes.

Step 9 Request an identity certificate from the CA.


Note The CA may require manual verification before issuing the identity certificate.


Step 10 To import the identity certificate, follow these steps:

a. Using Device Manager, choose Admin > Flash Files and select Copy and use TFTP to copy the CA certificate to bootflash.

b. Using DCNM-SAN, choose Switches > Security > PKI and click the TrustPoint Actions tab.

c. Select the certimport option from the Command drop-down menu to import an identity certificate in this trust point.


Note The identity certificate should be available in PEM format in a file in bootflash.


d. Enter the name of the certificate file which was copied to bootflash, in the URL field in the bootflash:filename format.

e. Click Apply Changes to save your changes.

If successful, the values of the identity certificate and its related objects, like the certificate file name, are automatically updated with the appropriate values as per the corresponding attributes in the identity certificate.


 

Downloading a CA Certificate

To download a CA certificate from the Microsoft Certificate Services web interface, follow these steps:


Step 1 Click the Retrieve the CA certificate or certificate revocation task radio button in the Microsoft Certificate Services web interface and click the Next button .

Step 2 Select the CA certificate file to download from the displayed list. Click the Base 64 encoded radio button, and choose the Download CA certificate link.

Step 3 Click the Open button in the File Download dialog box.

Step 4 Click the Copy to File button in the Certificate dialog box and click OK .

Step 5 Select the Base-64 encoded X.509 (CER) on the Certificate Export Wizard dialog box and click Next .

Step 6 Enter the destination file name in the File name: text box on the Certificate Export Wizard dialog box and click Next .

Step 7 Click the Finish button on the Certificate Export Wizard dialog box.

Step 8 Display the CA certificate stored in Base-64 (PEM) format using the Microsoft Windows type command.


 

Requesting an Identity Certificate

To request an identify certificate from a Microsoft Certificate server using a PKCS#10 certificate signing request (CRS), follow these steps:


Step 1 Click the Request an identity certificate radio button on the Microsoft Certificate Services web interface and click Next .

Step 2 Click the Advanced Request radio button and click Next .

Step 3 Click the Submit a certificate request using a base64 encoded PKCS#10 file or a renewal request using a base64 encoded PKCS#7 file radio button and click Next .

Step 4 Paste the base64 PKCS#10 certificate request in the Saved Request text box and click Next .

The certificate request is copied from the MDS switch console (see the “Generating Certificate Requests” section and “To configure certificates on an MDS switch, follow these steps:” section).

Step 5 Wait one or two days until the certificate is issued by the CA administrator.

Step 6 The CA administrator approves the certificate request.

Step 7 Click the Check on a pending certificate radio button on the Microsoft Certificate Services web interface and click Next .

Step 8 Select the certificate request you want to check and click Next .

Step 9 Select Base 64 encoded and click the Download CA certificate link.

Step 10 Click Open on the File Download dialog box.

Step 11 Click the Details tab on the Certificate dialog and click the Copy to File button. Click the Base-64 encoded X.509 (.CER) radio button on the Certificate Export Wizard dialog box and click Next .

Step 12 Enter the destination file name in the File name: text box on the Certificate Export Wizard dialog box, then click Next .

Step 13 Click Finish .

Step 14 Display the identity certificate in base64-encoded format using the Microsoft Windows type command.


 

Revoking a Certificate

To revoke a certificate using the Microsoft CA administrator program, follow these steps:


Step 1 Click the Issued Certificates folder on the Certification Authority tree. From the list, right-click the certificate you want to revoke.

Step 2 Select All Tasks > Revoke Certificate .

Step 3 Select a reason for the revocation from the Reason code drop-down list, and click Yes .

Step 4 Click the Revoked Certificates folder to list and verify the certificate revocation.


 

Generating and Publishing the CRL

To generate and publish the CRL using the Microsoft CA administrator program, follow these steps:


Step 1 Select Action > All Tasks > Publish on the Certification Authority screen.

Step 2 Click Yes on the Certificate Revocation List dialog box to publish the latest CRL.


 

Downloading the CRL

To download the CRL from the Microsoft CA website, follow these steps:


Step 1 Click Request the CA certificate or certificate revocation list radio button on the Microsoft Certificate Services web interface and click Next .

Step 2 Click the Download latest certificate revocation list link.

Step 3 Click Save in the File Download dialog box.

Step 4 Enter the destination file name in the Save As dialog box and click Save .

Step 5 Display the CRL using the Microsoft Windows type command.


 

Importing the CRL

To import the CRL to the trust point corresponding to the CA, follow these steps:


Step 1 Copy the CRL file to the MDS switch bootflash.

Vegas-1# copy tftp:apranaCA.crl bootflash:aparnaCA.crl
 

Step 2 Configure the CRL.

Vegas-1# config t
Vegas-1(config)# crypto ca crl request myCA bootflash:aparnaCA.crl
Vegas-1(config)#
 

Step 3 Display the contents of the CRL.

Vegas-1(config)# do sh crypto ca crl myCA
Trustpoint: myCA
CRL:
Certificate Revocation List (CRL):
Version 2 (0x1)
Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
Issuer: /emailAddress=admin@yourcompany.com/C=IN/ST=Karnatak
Yourcompany/OU=netstorage/CN=Aparna CA
Last Update: Nov 12 04:36:04 2005 GMT
Next Update: Nov 19 16:56:04 2005 GMT
CRL extensions:
X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
keyid:27:28:F2:46:83:1B:AC:23:4C:45:4D:8E:C9:18:50:1
 
1.3.6.1.4.1.311.21.1:
...
Revoked Certificates:
Serial Number: 611B09A1000000000002
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:52:19 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 4CDE464E000000000003
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:52:29 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 4CFC2B42000000000004
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:52:41 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 6C699EC2000000000005
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:52:52 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 6CCF7DDC000000000006
Revocation Date: Jun 8 00:12:04 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 70CC4FFF000000000007
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:53:15 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 4D9B1116000000000008
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:53:15 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 52A80230000000000009
Revocation Date: Jun 27 23:47:06 2005 GMT
CRL entry extensions:
X509v3 CRL Reason Code:
CA Compromise
Serial Number: 5349AD4600000000000A
Revocation Date: Jun 27 23:47:22 2005 GMT
CRL entry extensions:
X509v3 CRL Reason Code:
CA Compromise
Serial Number: 53BD173C00000000000B
Revocation Date: Jul 4 18:04:01 2005 GMT
CRL entry extensions:
X509v3 CRL Reason Code:
Certificate Hold
Serial Number: 591E7ACE00000000000C
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:53:15 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 5D3FD52E00000000000D
Revocation Date: Jun 29 22:07:25 2005 GMT
CRL entry extensions:
X509v3 CRL Reason Code:
Key Compromise
Serial Number: 5DAB771300000000000E
Revocation Date: Jul 14 00:33:56 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 5DAE53CD00000000000F
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:53:15 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 5DB140D3000000000010
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:53:15 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 5E2D7C1B000000000011
Revocation Date: Jul 6 21:12:10 2005 GMT
CRL entry extensions:
X509v3 CRL Reason Code:
Cessation Of Operation
Serial Number: 16DB4F8F000000000012
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:53:15 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 261C3924000000000013
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:53:15 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 262B5202000000000014
Revocation Date: Jul 14 00:33:10 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 2634C7F2000000000015
Revocation Date: Jul 14 00:32:45 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 2635B000000000000016
Revocation Date: Jul 14 00:31:51 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 26485040000000000017
Revocation Date: Jul 14 00:32:25 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 2A276357000000000018
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:53:15 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 3F88CBF7000000000019
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:53:15 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 6E4B5F5F00000000001A
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:53:15 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 725B89D800000000001B
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:53:15 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 735A887800000000001C
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:53:15 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 148511C700000000001D
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:53:15 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 14A7170100000000001E
Revocation Date: Aug 16 21:53:15 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 14FC45B500000000001F
Revocation Date: Aug 17 18:30:42 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 486CE80B000000000020
Revocation Date: Aug 17 18:30:43 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 4CA4A3AA000000000021
Revocation Date: Aug 17 18:30:43 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 1AA55C8E00000000002F
Revocation Date: Sep 5 17:07:06 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 3F0845DD00000000003F
Revocation Date: Sep 8 20:24:32 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 3F619B7E000000000042
Revocation Date: Sep 8 21:40:48 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 6313C463000000000052
Revocation Date: Sep 19 17:37:18 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 7C3861E3000000000060
Revocation Date: Sep 20 17:52:56 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 7C6EE351000000000061
Revocation Date: Sep 20 18:52:30 2005 GMT
Serial Number: 0A338EA1000000000074 <-- Revoked identity certificate
Revocation Date: Nov 12 04:34:42 2005 GMT
Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
0b:cb:dd:43:0a:b8:62:1e:80:95:06:6f:4d:ab:0c:d8:8e:32:
44:8e:a7:94:97:af:02:b9:a6:9c:14:fd:eb:90:cf:18:c9:96:
29:bb:57:37:d9:1f:d5:bd:4e:9a:4b:18:2b:00:2f:d2:6e:c1:
1a:9f:1a:49:b7:9c:58:24:d7:72
 

To import the CRL to the trust point corresponding to the CA, follow these steps:


Step 1 Click Switches > Security > PKI in the Physical Attributes pane.

Step 2 Click the Trust Point Actions tab in the Information pane.

Step 3 Select the crlimport option from the Command drop-down menu to import the CRL to the selected trust point.

Step 4 Enter the input file name with the CRL in the bootflash:filename format, in the URL field.

Step 5 Click Apply Changes to save the changes.


 

The identity certificate for the switch that was revoked (serial number 0A338EA1000000000074) is listed at the end.