IPsec Anti-Replay Window Expandingand Disabling

Last Updated: June 28, 2011

Cisco IP security (IPsec) authentication provides anti-replay protection against an attacker duplicating encrypted packets by assigning a unique sequence number to each encrypted packet. The decryptor keeps track of which packets it has seen on the basis of these numbers. Currently, the default window size is 64 packets. Generally, this number (window size) is sufficient, but there are times when you may want to expand this window size. The IPsec Anti-Replay Window: Expanding and Disabling feature allows you to expand the window size, allowing the decryptor to keep track of more than 64 packets.

Finding Feature Information

Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest feature information and caveats, see the release notes for your platform and software release. To find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the Feature Information Table at the end of this document.

Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

Prerequisites for IPsec Anti-Replay Window Expandingand Disabling

  • Before configuring this feature, you should have already created a crypto map or crypto profile.

Information About IPsec Anti-Replay Window Expandingand Disabling

IPsec Anti-Replay Window

Cisco IPsec authentication provides anti-replay protection against an attacker duplicating encrypted packets by assigning a unique sequence number to each encrypted packet. (Security association [SA] anti-replay is a security service in which the receiver can reject old or duplicate packets to protect itself against replay attacks.) The decryptor checks off the sequence numbers that it has seen before. The encryptor assigns sequence numbers in an increasing order. The decryptor remembers the value X of the highest sequence number that it has already seen. N is the window size, and the decryptor also remembers whether it has seen packets having sequence numbers from X-N+1 through X. Any packet with the sequence number X-N is discarded. Currently, N is set at 64, so only 64 packets can be tracked by the decryptor.

At times, however, the 64-packet window size is not sufficient. For example, Cisco quality of service (QoS) gives priority to high-priority packets, which could cause some low-priority packets to be discarded even though they could be one of the last 64 packets received by the decryptor. The IPsec Anti-Replay Window: Expanding and Disabling feature allows you to expand the window size, allowing the decryptor to keep track of more than 64 packets.

Increasing the anti-replay window size has no impact on throughput and security. The impact on memory is insignificant because only an extra 128 bytes per incoming IPsec SA is needed to store the sequence number on the decryptor. It is recommended that you use the full 1024 window size to eliminate any future anti-replay problems.

How to Configure IPsec Anti-Replay Window Expandingand Disabling

Configuring IPsec Anti-Replay Window Expanding and Disabling Globally

To configure IPsec Anti-Replay Window: Expanding and Disabling globally (so that it affects all SAs that are created-- except for those that are specifically overridden on a per-crypto map basis), perform the following steps.

SUMMARY STEPS

1.    enable

2.    configure terminal

3.    crypto ipsec security-association replay window-size [N]

4.    crypto ipsec security-association replay disable


DETAILED STEPS
  Command or Action Purpose
Step 1
enable


Example:

Router> enable

 

Enables privileged EXEC mode.

  • Enter your password if prompted.
 
Step 2
configure terminal


Example:

Router# configure terminal

 

Enters global configuration mode.

 
Step 3
crypto ipsec security-association replay window-size [N]


Example:

Router (config)# crypto ipsec security-association replay window-size 256

 

Sets the size of the SA replay window globally.

Note    Configure this command or the crypto ipsec security-association replay disable command. The two commands are not used at the same time.
 
Step 4
crypto ipsec security-association replay disable


Example:

Router (config)# crypto ipsec security-association replay disable

 

Disables checking globally.

Note    Configure this command or the crypto ipsec security-association replay window-size command. The two commands are not used at the same time.
 

Configuring IPsec Anti-Replay Window Expanding and Disablingon a Crypto Map

To configure IPsec Anti-Replay Window: Expanding and Disabling on a crypto map so that it affects those SAs that have been created using a specific crypto map or profile, perform the following steps.

SUMMARY STEPS

1.    enable

2.    configure terminal

3.    crypto map map-name seq-num [ipsec-isakmp]

4.    set security-association replay window-size [ N ]

5.    set security-association replay disable


DETAILED STEPS
  Command or Action Purpose
Step 1
enable


Example:

Router> enable

 

Enables privileged EXEC mode.

  • Enter your password if prompted.
 
Step 2
configure terminal


Example:

Router# configure terminal

 

Enters global configuration mode.

 
Step 3
crypto map map-name seq-num [ipsec-isakmp]


Example:

Router (config)# crypto map ETHO 17 ipsec-isakmp

 

Enters crypto map configuration mode and creates a crypto profile that provides a template for configuration of dynamically created crypto maps.

 
Step 4
set security-association replay window-size [ N ]


Example:

Router (crypto-map)# set security-association replay window-size 128

 

Controls the SAs that are created using the policy specified by a particular crypto map, dynamic crypto map, or cyrpto profile.

Note    Configure this command or the set security-association replay disable command. The two commands are not used at the same time.
 
Step 5
set security-association replay disable


Example:

Router (crypto-map)# set security-association replay disable

 

Disables replay checking for a particular crypto map, dynamic crypto map, or crypto profile.

Note    Configure this command or the set security-association replay window-size command. The two commands are not used at the same time.
 

Troubleshooting Tips

  • If your replay window size has not been set to a number that is high enough for the number of packets received, you will receive a system message such as the following:
*Nov 17 19:27:32.279: %CRYPTO-4-PKT_REPLAY_ERR: decrypt: replay check failed connection id=1

The above message is generated when a received packet is judged to be outside the anti-replay window.

Configuration Examples for IPsec Anti-ReplayWindow Expanding and Disabling

Global Expanding and Disabling of an Anti-Replay Window Example

The following example shows that the anti-replay window size has been set globally to 1024:

version 12.3
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname VPN-Gateway1
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
!
clock timezone EST 0
no aaa new-model
ip subnet-zero
!
!
ip audit po max-events 100
no ftp-server write-enable
!
!
crypto isakmp policy 10
 authentication pre-share
crypto isakmp key cisco123 address 192.165.201.2 !
crypto ipsec security-association replay window-size 1024 !
crypto ipsec transform-set basic esp-des esp-md5-hmac !
crypto map mymap 10 ipsec-isakmp
 set peer 192.165.201.2
 set transform-set basic
 match address 101
!
!
interface Ethernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial1/0
 ip address 192.165.200.2 255.255.255.252  serial restart-delay 0  crypto map mymap !
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.165.200.1
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
!
access-list 101 permit ip 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 101 remark Crypto ACL 
!
!
control-plane
!
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
!
!
end

Expanding and Disabling of an Anti-Replay Window for Crypto Maps or Crypto Profiles Example

The following example shows the expanding and disabling of an anti-replay windoe for a Particular Crypto Map, Dynamic Crypto Map, or Crypto Profile. In this example, anti-replay checking is disabled for IPsec connections to 172.17.150.2 but enabled (and the default window size is 64) for IPsec connections to 172.17.150.3 and 172.17.150.4: 

service timestamps debug uptime
service timestamps log uptime
no service password-encryption
!
hostname networkserver1
!
enable secret 5 $1$KxKv$cbqKsZtQTLJLGPN.tErFZ1 enable password ww !
ip subnet-zero
!
cns event-service server
crypto isakmp policy 1
authentication pre-share
crypto isakmp key cisco170 address 172.17.150.2 crypto isakmp key cisco180 address 172.17.150.3 crypto isakmp key cisco190 address 172.17.150.4
crypto ipsec transform-set 170cisco esp-des esp-md5-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set 180cisco esp-des esp-md5-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set 190cisco esp-des esp-md5-hmac
crypto map ETH0 17 ipsec-isakmp
 set peer 172.17.150.2
 set security-association replay disable set transform-set 170cisco match address 170 crypto map ETH0 18 ipsec-isakmp  set peer 192.168.1.3 set transform-set 180cisco match address 180 crypto map ETH0 19 ipsec-isakmp set peer 192.168.1.4 set transform-set 190cisco match address 190 !
interface Ethernet0
 ip address 172.17.150.1 255.255.255.0
 no ip directed-broadcast
 no ip route-cache
 no ip mroute-cache
 no mop enabled
 crypto map ETH0
!
interface Serial0
 ip address 172.16.160.1 255.255.255.0
 no ip directed-broadcast
 no ip mroute-cache
 no fair-queue
!
ip classless
ip route 172.18.170.0 255.255.255.0 172.17.150.2 ip route 172.19.180.0 255.255.255.0 172.17.150.3 ip route 172.20.190.0 255.255.255.0 172.17.150.4 no ip http server !
access-list 170 permit ip 172.16.160.0 0.0.0.255 172.18.170.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 180 permit ip 172.16.160.0 0.0.0.255 172.19.180.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 190 permit ip 172.16.160.0 0.0.0.255 172.20.190.0 0.0.0.255 !
dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit
dialer-list 1 protocol ipx permit
!
line con 0
transport input none
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
password ww
login
end

Additional References

Related Documents

Related Topic

Document Title

Cisco IOS commands

Cisco IOS Security Command Reference

IP security and encryption

Configuring Security for VPNs with IPsec

MIBs

MIBs

MIBs Link

None.

To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms, Cisco IOS software releases, and feature sets, use Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL:

http://www.cisco.com/go/mibs

RFCs

RFCs

Title

None.

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Technical Assistance

Description

Link

The Cisco Support and Documentation website provides online resources to download documentation, software, and tools. Use these resources to install and configure the software and to troubleshoot and resolve technical issues with Cisco products and technologies. Access to most tools on the Cisco Support and Documentation website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password.

http://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/support/index.html

Feature Information for IPsec Anti-Replay Window Expanding and Disabling

The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. This table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature.

Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

Table 1 Feature Information for IPsec Anti-Replay Window: Expanding and Disabling

Feature Name

Releases

Feature Information

IPsec Anti-Replay Window: Expanding and Disabling

12.3(14)T 12.2(33)SRA 12.2(33)SRA

Cisco IP security (IPsec) authentication provides anti-replay protection against an attacker duplicating encrypted packets by assigning a unique sequence number to each encrypted packet. The decryptor keeps track of which packets it has seen on the basis of these numbers. Currently, the default window size is 64 packets. Generally, this number (window size) is sufficient, but there are times when you may want to expand this window size. The IPsec Anti-Replay Window: Expanding and Disabling feature allows you to expand the window size, allowing the decryptor to keep track of more than 64 packets.

This feature was introduced in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(14)T.

This feature was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

This feature was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(18)SXF6.

The following commands were introduced or modified: crypto ipsec security-association replay disable, crypto ipsec security-association replay window-size, set security-association replay disable, set security-association replay window-size .

Cisco and the Cisco Logo are trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and other countries. A listing of Cisco's trademarks can be found at www.cisco.com/go/trademarks. Third party trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. (1005R)

Any Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and phone numbers used in this document are not intended to be actual addresses and phone numbers. Any examples, command display output, network topology diagrams, and other figures included in the document are shown for illustrative purposes only. Any use of actual IP addresses or phone numbers in illustrative content is unintentional and coincidental.