IPv6 Zone-Based Firewall Support over VASI Interfaces

This feature supports VRF-Aware Service Infrastructure (VASI) interfaces over IPv6 firewalls. This feature allows you to apply services such as access control lists (ACLs), Network Address Translation (NAT), policing, and zone-based firewalls to traffic that flows across two different virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) instances. VASI interfaces support the redundancy of Route Processors (RPs) and Forwarding Processors (FPs). VASI interfaces support IPv4 and IPv6 unicast traffic.

This module provides information about VASI interfaces and describes how to configure VASI interfaces.

Restrictions for IPv6 Zone-Based Firewall Support over VASI Interfaces

  • Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) traffic over VRF-Aware Software Infrastructure (VASI) interfaces is not supported.

  • IPv4 and IPv6 multicast traffic is not supported.

  • VASI interfaces do not support the attachment of queue-based features. The following commands are not supported on modular QoS CLI (MQC) policies that are attached to VASI interfaces:
    • bandwidth (policy-map class)
    • fair-queue
    • priority
    • queue-limit
    • random-detect
    • shape

Information About IPv6 Zone-Based Firewall Support over VASI Interfaces

VASI Overview

VRF-Aware Software Infrastructure (VASI) provides the ability to apply services such as, a firewall, GETVPN, IPsec, and Network Address Translation (NAT), to traffic that flows across different virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) instances. VASI is implemented by using virtual interface pairs, where each of the interfaces in the pair is associated with a different VRF instance. The VASI virtual interface is the next-hop interface for any packet that needs to be switched between these two VRF instances. VASI interfaces provide the framework to configure a firewall or NAT between VRF instances.

Each interface pair is associated with two different VRF instances. The pairing is done automatically based on the two interface indexes such that the vasileft interface is automatically paired to the vasiright interface. For example, in the figure below, vasileft1 and vasiright1 are automatically paired, and a packet entering vasileft1 is internally handed over to vasiright1.

On VASI interfaces, you can configure either static routing or dynamic routing with Internal Border Gateway Protocol (IBGP), Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP), or Open Shortest Path First (OSPF).

The following figure shows an inter-VRF VASI configuration on the same device.

Figure 1. Inter-VRF VASI Configuration
When an inter-VRF VASI is configured on the same device, the packet flow happens in the following order:

  1. A packet enters the physical interface that belongs to VRF 1 (Gigabit Ethernet 0/2/0.3).

  2. Before forwarding the packet, a forwarding lookup is done in the VRF 1 routing table. Vasileft1 is chosen as the next hop, and the Time to Live (TTL) value is decremented from the packet. Usually, the forwarding address is selected on the basis of the default route in the VRF. However, the forwarding address can also be a static route or a learned route. The packet is sent to the egress path of vasileft1 and then automatically sent to the vasiright1 ingress path.

  3. When the packet enters vasiright1, a forwarding lookup is done in the VRF 2 routing table, and the TTL is decremented again (second time for this packet).

  4. VRF 2 forwards the packet to the physical interface, Gigabit Ethernet 0/3/0.5.

The following figure shows how VASI works in a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) VPN configuration.


Note

In the following figure, MPLS is enabled on the Gigabit Ethernet interface, but MPLS traffic is not supported across VASI pairs.

Figure 2. VASI with an MPLS VPN Configuration
When VASI is configured with a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) VPN, the packet flow happens in the following order:

  1. A packet arrives on the MPLS interface with a VPN label.

  2. The VPN label is stripped from the packet, a forwarding lookup is done within VRF 2, and the packet is forwarded to vasiright1. The TTL value is decremented from the packet.

  3. The packet enters vasileft1 on the ingress path, and another forwarding lookup is done in VRF 1. The packet is sent to the egress physical interface in VRF1 (Gigabit Ethernet 0/2/0.3). The TTL is again decremented from the packet.

How to Configure IPv6 Zone-Based Firewall Support over VASI Interfaces

Configuring VRFs and Address Family Sessions

SUMMARY STEPS

  1. enable
  2. configure terminal
  3. vrf definition vrf-name
  4. address-family ipv6
  5. exit-address-family
  6. end

DETAILED STEPS

  Command or Action Purpose

Step 1

enable

Example:

Device> enable
Enables privileged EXEC mode.

  • Enter your password if prompted.

Step 2

configure terminal

Example:

Device# configure terminal

Enters global configuration mode.

Step 3

vrf definition vrf-name

Example:

Device(config)# vrf definition VRF1

Configures a virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) routing table instance and enters VRF configuration mode.

Step 4

address-family ipv6

Example:

Device(config-vrf)# address-family ipv6

Enters address family configuration mode and configures sessions that carry standard IPv6 address prefixes.

Step 5

exit-address-family

Example:

Device(config-vrf-af)# exit-address-family

Exits address family configuration mode and enters VRF configuration mode.

Step 6

end

Example:

Device(config-vrf)# end

Exits VRF configuration mode and enters privileged EXEC mode.

Configuring Class Maps and Policy Maps for VASI Support

SUMMARY STEPS

  1. enable
  2. configure terminal
  3. ipv6 unicast-routing
  4. class-map type inspect match-any class-map-name
  5. match protocol name
  6. match protocol name
  7. exit
  8. policy-map type inspect policy-map-name
  9. class type inspect class-map-name
  10. inspect
  11. exit
  12. class class-default
  13. end

DETAILED STEPS

  Command or Action Purpose

Step 1

enable

Example:

Device> enable
Enables privileged EXEC mode.

  • Enter your password if prompted.

Step 2

configure terminal

Example:

Device# configure terminal

Enters global configuration mode.

Step 3

ipv6 unicast-routing

Example:

Device(config)# ipv6-unicast routing

Enables the forwarding of IPv6 unicast datagrams.

Step 4

class-map type inspect match-any class-map-name

Example:

Device(config)# class-map type inspect match-any c-map

Creates an inspect type class map and enters QoS class-map configuration mode.

Step 5

match protocol name

Example:

Device(config-cmap)# match protocol icmp

Configures a match criterion for a class map on the basis of a specified protocol.

Step 6

match protocol name

Example:

Device(config-cmap)# match protocol tcp

Configures a match criterion for a class map on the basis of a specified protocol.

Step 7

exit

Example:

Device(config-cmap)# exit

Exits QoS class-map configuration mode and enters global configuration mode.

Step 8

policy-map type inspect policy-map-name

Example:

Device(config)# policy-map type inspect p-map

Creates a protocol-specific inspect-type policy map and enters QoS policy-map configuration mode.

Step 9

class type inspect class-map-name

Example:

Device(config-pmap)# class type inspect c-map

Specifies the traffic class on which an action is to be performed and enters QoS policy-map class configuration mode.

Step 10

inspect

Example:

Device(config-pmap-c)# inspect

Enables stateful packet inspection.

Step 11

exit

Example:

Device(config-pmap-c)# exit

Exits QoS policy-map class configuration mode and enters QoS policy-map configuration mode.

Step 12

class class-default

Example:

Device(config-pmap)# class class-default
Applies the policy map settings to the predefined default class and enters QoS policy-map class configuration mode.

  • If traffic does not match any of the match criteria in the configured class maps, it is directed to the predefined default class.

Step 13

end

Example:

Device(config-pmap-c)# end

Exits QoS policy-map class configuration mode and enters privileged EXEC mode.

Configuring Zones and Zone Pairs for VASI Support

SUMMARY STEPS

  1. enable
  2. configure terminal
  3. zone security zone-name
  4. exit
  5. zone-pair security zone-pair-name source source-zone destination destination-zone
  6. service-policy type inspect policy-map-name
  7. exit
  8. interface type number
  9. vrf forwarding vrf-name
  10. no ip address
  11. zone member security zone-name
  12. ipv6 address ipv6-address/prefix-length
  13. ipv6 enable
  14. negotiation auto
  15. exit
  16. interface type number
  17. no ip address
  18. ipv6 address ipv6-address/prefix-length
  19. ipv6 enable
  20. negotiation auto
  21. end

DETAILED STEPS

  Command or Action Purpose

Step 1

enable

Example:

Device> enable
Enables privileged EXEC mode.

  • Enter your password if prompted.

Step 2

configure terminal

Example:

Device# configure terminal

Enters global configuration mode.

Step 3

zone security zone-name

Example:

Device(config)# zone security in
Creates a security zone and enters security zone configuration mode.

  • Your configuration must have two security zones to create a zone pair: a source and a destination zone.

  • In a zone pair, you can use the default zone as either the source or the destination zone.

Step 4

exit

Example:

Device(config-sec-zone)# exit

Exits security zone configuration mode and enters global configuration mode.

Step 5

zone-pair security zone-pair-name source source-zone destination destination-zone

Example:

Device(config)# zone-pair security in-out source in destination out
Creates a zone pair and enters security zone-pair configuration mode.

  • To apply a policy, you must configure a zone pair.

Step 6

service-policy type inspect policy-map-name

Example:

Device(config-sec-zone-pair)# service-policy type inspect p-map
Attaches a policy map to a top-level policy map.

  • If a policy is not configured between a pair of zones, traffic is dropped by default.

Step 7

exit

Example:

Device(config-sec-zone-pair)# exit

Exits security zone-pair configuration mode and enters global configuration mode.

Step 8

interface type number

Example:

Device(config)# interface gigabitethernet 0/0/0

Configures an interface and enters interface configuration mode.

Step 9

vrf forwarding vrf-name

Example:

Device(config-if)# vrf forwarding VRF1

Associates a virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) instance or a virtual network with an interface or subinterface.

Step 10

no ip address

Example:

Device(config-if)# no ip address

Removes an IP address or disables IP processing.

Step 11

zone member security zone-name

Example:

Device(config-if)# zone member security in

Attaches an interface to a security zone.

Step 12

ipv6 address ipv6-address/prefix-length

Example:

Device(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001:DB8:2:1234/64

Configures an IPv6 address based on an IPv6 general prefix and enables IPv6 processing on an interface.

Step 13

ipv6 enable

Example:

Device(config-if)# ipv6 enable

Enables IPv6 processing on an interface that has not been configured with an explicit IPv6 address.

Step 14

negotiation auto

Example:

Device(config-if)# negotiation auto

Enables advertisement of speed, duplex mode, and flow control on a Gigabit Ethernet interface.

Step 15

exit

Example:

Device(config-if)# exit

Exits interface configuration mode and enters global configuration mode.

Step 16

interface type number

Example:

Device(config)# interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1

Configures an interface and enters interface configuration mode.

Step 17

no ip address

Example:

Device(config-if)# no ip address

Removes an IP address or disables IP processing.

Step 18

ipv6 address ipv6-address/prefix-length

Example:

Device(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001:DB8:3:1234/64

Configures an IPv6 address based on an IPv6 general prefix and enables IPv6 processing on an interface.

Step 19

ipv6 enable

Example:

Device(config-if)# ipv6 enable

Enables IPv6 processing on an interface that has not been configured with an explicit IPv6 address.

Step 20

negotiation auto

Example:

Device(config-if)# negotiation auto

Enables advertisement of speed, duplex mode, and flow control on a Gigabit Ethernet interface.

Step 21

end

Example:

Device(config-if)# end

Exits interface configuration mode and enters privileged EXEC mode.

Configuring VASI Interfaces

SUMMARY STEPS

  1. enable
  2. configure terminal
  3. interface type number
  4. vrf forwarding vrf-name
  5. ipv6 address ipv6-address/prefix-length link-local
  6. ipv6 address ipv6-address/prefix-length
  7. ipv6 enable
  8. no keepalive
  9. zone member security zone-name
  10. exit
  11. interface type number
  12. ipv6 address ipv6-address/prefix-length link-local
  13. ipv6 address ipv6-address/prefix-length
  14. ipv6 enable
  15. no keepalive
  16. exit
  17. ipv6 route ipv6-prefix/prefix-length interface-type interface-number ipv6-address
  18. ipv6 route vrf vrf-name ipv6-prefix/prefix-length interface-type interface-number ipv6-address
  19. end

DETAILED STEPS

  Command or Action Purpose

Step 1

enable

Example:

Device> enable
Enables privileged EXEC mode.

  • Enter your password if prompted.

Step 2

configure terminal

Example:

Device# configure terminal

Enters global configuration mode.

Step 3

interface type number

Example:

Device(config)# interface vasileft 1

Configures a VASI interface and enters interface configuration mode.

Step 4

vrf forwarding vrf-name

Example:

Device(config-if)# vrf forwarding VRF1

Associates a virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) instance or a virtual network with an interface or subinterface.

Step 5

ipv6 address ipv6-address/prefix-length link-local

Example:

Device(config-if)# ipv6 address FE80::8EB6:4FFF:FE6C:E701 link-local

Configures an IPv6 link-local address for an interface and enable IPv6 processing on the interface.

Step 6

ipv6 address ipv6-address/prefix-length

Example:

Device(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001:DB8:4:1234/64

Configures an IPv6 address based on an IPv6 general prefix and enables IPv6 processing on an interface.

Step 7

ipv6 enable

Example:

Device(config-if)# ipv6 enable

Enables IPv6 processing on an interface that has not been configured with an explicit IPv6 address.

Step 8

no keepalive

Example:

Device(config-if)# no keepalive

Disables keepalive packets.

Step 9

zone member security zone-name

Example:

Device(config-if)# zone member security out

Attaches an interface to a security zone.

Step 10

exit

Example:

Device(config-if)# exit

Exits interface configuration mode and enters global configuration mode.

Step 11

interface type number

Example:

Device(config)# interface vasiright 1

Configures a VASI interface and enters interface configuration mode.

Step 12

ipv6 address ipv6-address/prefix-length link-local

Example:

Device(config-if)# ipv6 address FE80::260:3EFF:FE11:6770 link-local

Configures an IPv6 link-local address for an interface and enable IPv6 processing on the interface.

Step 13

ipv6 address ipv6-address/prefix-length

Example:

Device(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001:DB8:4:1234/64

Configures an IPv6 address based on an IPv6 general prefix and enables IPv6 processing on an interface.

Step 14

ipv6 enable

Example:

Device(config-if)# ipv6 enable

Enables IPv6 processing on an interface that has not been configured with an explicit IPv6 address.

Step 15

no keepalive

Example:

Device(config-if)# no keepalive

Disables keepalive packets.

Step 16

exit

Example:

Device(config-if)# exit

Exits interface configuration mode and enters global configuration mode.

Step 17

ipv6 route ipv6-prefix/prefix-length interface-type interface-number ipv6-address

Example:

Device(config)# ipv6 route 2001::/64 vasileft 1 2001::/64

Establishes static IPv6 routes.

Step 18

ipv6 route vrf vrf-name ipv6-prefix/prefix-length interface-type interface-number ipv6-address

Example:

Device(config)# ipv6 route vrf vrf1 2001::/64 vasiright 1 2001::/64

Specifies all VRF tables or a specific VRF table for an IPv6 address.

Step 19

end

Example:

Device(config# end

Exits global configuration mode and enters privileged EXEC mode.

Configuration Examples for IPv6 Zone-Based Firewall Support over VASI Interfaces

Example: Configuring VRFs and Address Family Sessions

Device# configure terminal 
Device(config)# vrf definition VRF1 
Device(config-vrf)# address-family ipv6
Device(config-vrf-af)# exit-address-family
Device(config-vrf)# end

Example: Configuring Class Maps and Policy Maps for VASI Support

Device# configure terminal
Device(config)# ipv6-unicast routing
Device(config)# class-map type inspect match-any c-map
Device(config-cmap)# match protocol icmp
Device(config-cmap)# match protocol tcp
Device(config-cmap)# match protocol udp
Device(config-cmap)# exit
Device(config)# policy-map type inspect p-map
Device(config-pmap)# class type inspect c-map
Device(config-pmap-c)# inspect
Device(config-pmap-c)# exit
Device(config-pmap)# class class-default
Device(config-pmap-c)# end

Example: Configuring Zones and Zone Pairs for VASI Support

Device# configure terminal
Device(config)# zone security in
Device(config)# exit
Device(config)# zone security out
Device(config)# exit
Device(config)# zone-pair security in-out source in destination out
Device(config-sec-zone-pair)# service-policy type inspect p-map
Device(config-sec-zone-pair)# exit 
Device(config)# interface gigabitethernet 0/0/0
Device(config-if)# vrf forwarding VRF1
Device(config-if)# no ip address
Device(config-if)# zone member security in
Device(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001:DB8:2:1234/64 
Device(config-if)# ipv6 enable
Device(config-if)# negotiation auto 
Device(config-if)# exit
Device(config)# interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
Device(config-if)# no ip address
Device(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001:DB8:3:1234/64
Device(config-if)# ipv6 enable
Device(config-if)# negotiation auto 
Device(config-if)# end

Example: Configuring VASI Interfaces

Device# configure terminal
Device(config)# interface vasileft 1
Device(config-if)# vrf forwarding VRF1
Device(config-if)# ipv6 address FE80::8EB6:4FFF:FE6C:E701 link-local
Device(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001:DB8:4:1234/64
Device(config-if)# ipv6 enable
Device(config-if)# no keepalive
Device(config-if)# zone-member security out
Device(config-if)# exit
Device(config)# interface vasiright 1
Device(config-if)# ipv6 address FE80::260:3EFF:FE11:6770 link-local
Device(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001:DB8:4:1234/64
Device(config-if)# ipv6 enable
Device(config-if)# no keepalive
Device(config-if)# exit
Device(config)# ipv6 route 2001::/64 vasileft 1 2001::/64
Device(config)# ipv6 route vrf vrf1 2001::/64 vasiright 1 2001::/64
Device(config)# end

Additional References for Firewall Stateful Interchassis Redundancy

Related Documents

Related Topic

Document Title

Cisco IOS commands

Master Command List, All Releases

Security commands

Technical Assistance

Description

Link

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http://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/support/index.html

Feature Information for IPv6 Zone-Based Firewall Support over VASI Interfaces

The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. This table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature.

Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.
Table 1. Feature Information for IPv6 Zone-Based Firewall Support VASI Interfaces

Feature Name

Releases

Feature Information

IPv6 Zone-Based Firewall Support over VASI Interfaces

Cisco IOS XE Release 3.7S

This feature supports VASI interfaces over IPv6 firewalls. This feature allows you to apply services such as access control lists (ACLs), Network Address Translation (NAT), policing, and zone-based firewalls to traffic that flows across two different virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) instances. VASI interfaces support the redundancy of Route Processors (RPs) and Forwarding Processors (FPs). VASI interfaces support IPv4 and IPv6 unicast traffic.

No commands were introduced or modified for this feature.