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本文件說明如何針對 Catalyst 9000 交換器堆疊問題所引起的非預期重新載入情形,進行疑難排解。
思科建議您瞭解以下主題。
本文中的資訊係根據以下軟體和硬體版本:
本文件也適用於以下硬體和軟體版本:
本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除(預設)的組態來啟動。如果您的網路運作中,請確保您瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。
下表說明堆疊重設的原因。
重設原因 | 說明 |
---|---|
堆疊合併 |
當至少兩個堆疊成員聲稱自己是堆疊的作用中交換器時,會看到這種情況。當堆疊環已中斷或堆疊探索通訊協定(SDP)訊息由於堆疊纜線錯誤而遺失時,就會發生這種情況。 |
由於不相容而合併堆疊 |
與堆疊合併相同。 在半環堆疊配置中更常看到。 |
作用中和待命均遺失 |
當作用中交換器遺失時,如果待命交換器因為任何原因無法擔任作用中角色,則會重新載入所有其他堆疊成員,並使用此重設原因。以半環組態設定堆疊時也可以看到這種情況。 |
堆疊纜線驗證失敗 |
通常是由於堆疊電纜或堆疊埠故障所致。也可能是因為軟體問題所致。 |
堆疊介面卡驗證失敗 |
通常是由於堆疊纜線、堆疊配接器或堆疊連線埠故障所致。也可能是因為軟體問題所致。 |
驗證堆疊的所有成員上次重新載入的原因。
show version
show switch show logging onboard switch <switch number> uptime detail
在show version
命令輸出中,您可以辨識每個堆疊成員的不同重置原因。
switch#show version <omitted output> Last reload reason: stack merge <-- Switch 1 Reason
<omitted output> Switch Ports Model SW Version SW Image Mode ------ ----- ----- ---------- ---------- ---- * 1 53 C9300-48P 17.3.5 CAT9K_IOSXE INSTALL 2 53 C9300-48P 17.3.5 CAT9K_IOSXE INSTALL 3 53 C9300-48P 17.3.5 CAT9K_IOSXE INSTALL Switch 02 --------- Switch uptime : 13 hours, 47 minutes Base Ethernet MAC Address : aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa Motherboard Assembly Number : 11-11111-11 Motherboard Serial Number : AAAAAAAAAAA Model Revision Number : F0 Motherboard Revision Number : C0 Model Number : C9300-48P System Serial Number : AAAAAAAAAAB Last reload reason : stack merge due to incompatiblity <-- Switch 2 Reason Switch 03 --------- Switch uptime : 50 minutes Base Ethernet MAC Address : bb:bb:bb:bb:bb:bb Motherboard Assembly Number : 22-22222-22 Motherboard Serial Number : BBBBBBBBBBA Model Revision Number : E0 Motherboard Revision Number : C0 Model Number : C9300L-48P System Serial Number : BBBBBBBBBBB Last reload reason : lost both active and standby <-- Switch 3 Reason
show switch
命令輸出顯示堆疊成員的當前角色。
switch#show switch Switch/Stack Mac Address : xxxx.xxxx.xxxx - Local Mac Address Mac persistency wait time: Indefinite H/W Current Switch# Role Mac Address Priority Version State ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- *1 Active xxxx.xxxx.xxxx 15 V01 Ready 2 Standby aaaa.aaaa.aaaa 14 V01 Ready 3 Member bbbb.bbbb.bbbb 13 V01 Ready
使用下一命令可以檢視上次重新載入原因記錄。
switch#show logging onboard switch 1 uptime detail -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UPTIME SUMMARY INFORMATION -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- First customer power on : 11/15/2019 22:46:33 Total uptime : 0 years 0 weeks 6 days 20 hours 15 minutes Total downtime : 0 years 46 weeks 5 days 23 hours 42 minutes Number of resets : 10 Number of slot changes : 0 Current reset reason : stack merge <-- Current reset timestamp : 10/15/2020 05:44:01 <-- Current slot : 1 Chassis type : 95 Current uptime : 0 years 0 weeks 0 days 13 hours 0 minutes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UPTIME CONTINUOUS INFORMATION -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Time Stamp | Reset | Uptime MM/DD/YYYY HH:MM:SS | Reason | years weeks days hours minutes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <omitted output> 10/15/2020 05:44:01 stack merge 0 0 0 1 0 <-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- switch#show logging onboard switch 2 uptime detail -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UPTIME SUMMARY INFORMATION -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- First customer power on : 11/21/2019 17:46:08 Total uptime : 0 years 0 weeks 6 days 23 hours 21 minutes Total downtime : 0 years 46 weeks 0 days 1 hours 36 minutes Number of resets : 14 Number of slot changes : 1 Current reset reason : stack merge due to incompatiblity <-- Current reset timestamp : 10/15/2020 05:44:03 Current slot : 2 Chassis type : 95 Current uptime : 0 years 0 weeks 0 days 13 hours 0 minutes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UPTIME CONTINUOUS INFORMATION -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Time Stamp | Reset | Uptime MM/DD/YYYY HH:MM:SS | Reason | years weeks days hours minutes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <omitted output> 10/15/2020 05:44:03 stack merge due to incompatiblity 0 0 0 1 0 <-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- switch#show logging onboard switch 3 uptime detail -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UPTIME SUMMARY INFORMATION -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- First customer power on : 08/13/2019 23:46:07 Total uptime : 0 years 38 weeks 5 days 11 hours 54 minutes Total downtime : 0 years 22 weeks 3 days 7 hours 45 minutes Number of resets : 37 Number of slot changes : 3 Current reset reason : lost both active and standby <-- Current reset timestamp : 10/15/2020 18:56:09 Current slot : 3 Chassis type : 95 Current uptime : 0 years 0 weeks 0 days 0 hours 30 minutes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UPTIME CONTINUOUS INFORMATION -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Time Stamp | Reset | Uptime MM/DD/YYYY HH:MM:SS | Reason | years weeks days hours minutes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <omitted output> 10/15/2020 18:56:09 lost both active and standby 0 0 0 0 35 <-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
注意:錯誤「堆疊電纜驗證失敗」和「堆疊介面卡驗證失敗」通常不允許受影響的交換機完全啟動。因此,無法收集任何命令以進行進一步分析。請按照列出的步驟檢查相應的部分。
根據Catalyst 9200和9300交換器的硬體安裝指南,必須確保堆疊符合堆疊電纜的設定,並確保堆疊電纜的設定正確。
堆疊電纜必須以下列方式進行:
...
這樣,堆疊設定就類似於這些映像。
Catalyst 9200L和9200
Catalyst 9300
插入堆疊介面卡和/或堆疊電纜時,請使用以下說明:
Catalyst 9200L和9200
1. 確保正確插入堆疊介面卡。思科徽標必須位於頂部。
2. 用手將堆疊電纜用力擰緊。
Catalyst 9300L
1. 確保正確插入堆疊介面卡。思科徽標必須位於頂部。
2. 用手將堆疊電纜用力擰緊。
Catalyst 9300
在大多數情況下,由於堆疊電纜、堆疊介面卡或堆疊埠損壞,會觸發本文檔中顯示的意外重新載入。無論您執行的軟體版本為何,如果未正確安裝堆疊零件,都可能會受到此問題的影響。
驗證「確認堆疊纜線設定」和「安裝堆疊纜線」一節後,請使用以下指令檢查堆疊纜線狀況:
show switch neighbors
show switch stack-ring speed
show switch stack-ports summary
show switch stack-ports detail
在本範例中,有一個由三台Catalyst 9300交換器組成的堆疊。show switch neighbors
命令的輸出顯示連線到每個堆疊成員的交換機:
switch#show switch neighbors Switch # Port 1 Port 2 -------- ------ ------ 1 2 3 2 3 1 3 1 2
當堆疊電纜不存在、插入錯誤或存在故障時,會顯示無(而非堆疊成員):
switch#show switch neighbors Switch # Port 1 Port 2 -------- ------ ------ 1 2 None <-- 2 3 1 3 None 2 <--
show switch stack-ring speed
指令提供堆疊環狀態:
switch#show switch stack-ring speed
Stack Ring Speed : 480G <--
Stack Ring Configuration: Full <--
Stack Ring Protocol : StackWise
如果堆疊環因任何原因中斷,輸出將如下所示:
switch#show switch stack-ring speed
Stack Ring Speed : 240G <--
Stack Ring Configuration: Half <--
Stack Ring Protocol : StackWise
警告:在正常工作的堆疊環配置中,絕不會期望看到「Half」狀態。雖然堆疊可以運作,但會損失一半的頻寬以及備援。
正常的show switch stack-ports summary
命令輸出如下所示。
注意:交換機1的堆疊埠1顯示兩個鏈路更改。這是正常現象。
switch#show switch stack-ports summary Sw#/Port# Port Status Neighbor Cable Length Link OK Link Active Sync OK #Changes to LinkOK In Loopback ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/1 OK 2 50cm Yes Yes Yes 2 No 1/2 OK 3 100cm Yes Yes Yes 1 No 2/1 OK 3 50cm Yes Yes Yes 1 No 2/2 OK 1 50cm Yes Yes Yes 1 No 3/1 OK 1 100cm Yes Yes Yes 1 No 3/2 OK 2 50cm Yes Yes Yes 1 No
如果輸出顯示某些連線埠上有許多擺動,則可能是堆疊不穩定的訊號。這種情況可能會觸發堆疊合併。如果堆疊沒有正確佈線,可以看到Unknown
狀態。
switch#show switch stack-ports summary Sw#/Port# Port Status Neighbor Cable Length Link OK Link Active Sync OK #Changes to LinkOK In Loopback ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/1 OK 2 50cm Yes Yes Yes 16 No
<-- 16 flaps on switch 1 stack port 1 facing switch 2 1/2 OK 3 100cm Yes Yes Yes 1 No 2/1 OK 3 50cm Yes Yes Yes 1 No 2/2 OK 1 Unknown Yes Yes Yes 16 No
<-- Cable length 'unknown', 16 flaps on switch 2 stack port 2 facing switch 1 3/1 OK 1 100cm Yes Yes Yes 1 No 3/2 OK 2 50cm Yes Yes Yes 1 No
當發現過度鏈路更改時,下一步是檢查show switch stack-ports detail
命令,並著重檢視CRC Errors
計數器。介面上增加的CRC意味著該埠上接收的資料包格式不正確。以下情況適用:
switch#show switch stack-ports detail 1 is OK Loopback No Cable Length 100cm Neighbor 2 Link Ok Yes Sync Ok Yes Link Active Yes Changes to LinkOK 16 Five minute input rate 1110 bytes/sec Five minute output rate 47 bytes/sec 24798951 bytes input 737941 bytes output CRC Errors Data CRC 459731 <-- CRCs Ringword CRC 35156 <-- CRCs InvRingWord 54951 <-- CRCs PcsCodeWord 35481 <-- CRCs 1/2 is OK Loopback No Cable Length 100cm Neighbor 3 Link Ok Yes Sync Ok Yes Link Active Yes Changes to LinkOK 1 Five minute input rate 164 bytes/sec Five minute output rate 67 bytes/sec 0 bytes input 0 bytes output CRC Errors Data CRC 0 Ringword CRC 0 InvRingWord 0 PcsCodeWord 0 2/1 is OK Loopback No Cable Length 50cm Neighbor 3 Link Ok Yes Sync Ok Yes Link Active Yes Changes to LinkOK 0 Five minute input rate 0 bytes/sec Five minute output rate 0 bytes/sec 0 bytes input 0 bytes output CRC Errors Data CRC 0 Ringword CRC 0 InvRingWord 0 PcsCodeWord 0 2/2 is OK Loopback No Cable Length 50cm Neighbor 1 Link Ok Yes Sync Ok Yes Link Active Yes Changes to LinkOK 16 Five minute input rate 30 bytes/sec Five minute output rate 1093 bytes/sec 480028 bytes input 0 bytes output CRC Errors Data CRC 0 <-- No CRCs Ringword CRC 0 <-- No CRCs InvRingWord 0 <-- No CRCs PcsCodeWord 0 <-- No CRCs 3/1 is OK Loopback No Cable Length 100cm Neighbor 1 Link Ok Yes Sync Ok Yes Link Active Yes Changes to LinkOK 1 Five minute input rate 0 bytes/sec Five minute output rate 0 bytes/sec 81387545 bytes input 29294666 bytes output CRC Errors Data CRC 0 Ringword CRC 0 InvRingWord 0 PcsCodeWord 0 3/2 is OK Loopback No Cable Length 100cm Neighbor 2 Link Ok Yes Sync Ok Yes Link Active Yes Changes to LinkOK 1 Five minute input rate 1030 bytes/sec Five minute output rate 0 bytes/sec 480028 bytes input 0 bytes output CRC Errors Data CRC 0 Ringword CRC 0 InvRingWord 0 PcsCodeWord 0
注意:Cisco IOS XE 17.3.x版系列及更高版本中提供了show switch stack-ports detail
命令。要檢查早期版本的CRC錯誤計數器,請使用舊命令。
以0結尾的命令是堆疊埠1的CRC計數器,以1結尾的命令是堆疊埠2的CRC計數器。必須為所有堆疊成員輸入這些指令。
show platform hardware fed switch <switch number> fwd-asic register read register-name SifRacDataCrcErrorCnt-0 show platform hardware fed switch <switch number> fwd-asic register read register-name SifRacRwCrcErrorCnt-0 show platform hardware fed switch <switch number> fwd-asic register read register-name SifRacInvalidRingWordCnt-0 show platform hardware fed switch <switch number> fwd-asic register read register-name SifRacPcsCodeWordErrorCnt-0
show platform hardware fed switch <switch number> fwd-asic register read register-name SifRacDataCrcErrorCnt-1
show platform hardware fed switch <switch number> fwd-asic register read register-name SifRacRwCrcErrorCnt-1
show platform hardware fed switch <switch number> fwd-asic register read register-name SifRacInvalidRingWordCnt-1
show platform hardware fed switch <switch number> fwd-asic register read register-name SifRacPcsCodeWordErrorCnt-1
注意:必須至少檢查show switch stack-ports summary
命令輸出中的#Changes到LinkOK計數器以及show switch stack-ports detail
命令輸出中的CRC計數器兩次,以驗證其中是否具有增量。靜態計數器會驗證穩定的堆疊連結,而任何這些計數器的增量都會驗證堆疊連結不穩定。
存在堆疊問題時,會看到這些記錄。
Aug 9 21:54:22.911: %STACKMGR-6-STACK_LINK_CHANGE: Switch 1 R0/0: stack_mgr: Stack port 1 on Switch 1 is down
Aug 9 21:54:23.011: %STACKMGR-6-STACK_LINK_CHANGE: Switch 1 R0/0: stack_mgr: Stack port 1 on Switch 1 is up
Aug 9 21:54:35.096: %STACKMGR-6-STACK_LINK_CHANGE: Switch 1 R0/0: stack_mgr: Stack port 1 on Switch 1 is down
Aug 9 21:54:35.197: %STACKMGR-6-STACK_LINK_CHANGE: Switch 1 R0/0: stack_mgr: Stack port 1 on Switch 1 is up
Aug 9 21:54:40.334: %STACKMGR-6-STACK_LINK_CHANGE: Switch 2 R0/0: stack_mgr: Stack port 2 on Switch 2 is down
Aug 9 21:54:40.434: %STACKMGR-6-STACK_LINK_CHANGE: Switch 2 R0/0: stack_mgr: Stack port 2 on Switch 2 is up
在半環情況下,堆疊連線埠波動會導致堆疊分割以及交換器移除。在此案例中,半環中有六個交換器堆疊。交換器1和6之間的堆疊連結不存在,交換器5和6之間的堆疊連結經常翻動。這會將交換器成員6從堆疊中移除。
Apr 9 19:13:25.665: %STACKMGR-6-STACK_LINK_CHANGE: Switch 5 R0/0: stack_mgr: Stack port 1 on Switch 5 is up
Apr 9 19:13:42.513: %STACKMGR-4-SWITCH_REMOVED: Switch 2 R0/0: stack_mgr: Switch 6 has been removed from the stack.
Apr 9 19:13:42.588: %STACKMGR-4-SWITCH_REMOVED: Switch 1 R0/0: stack_mgr: Switch 6 has been removed from the stack.
Apr 9 19:13:42.827: %STACKMGR-4-SWITCH_REMOVED: Switch 5 R0/0: stack_mgr: Switch 6 has been removed from the stack.
Apr 9 19:13:42.999: %STACKMGR-4-SWITCH_REMOVED: Switch 4 R0/0: stack_mgr: Switch 6 has been removed from the stack.
Apr 9 19:13:43.031: %STACKMGR-4-SWITCH_REMOVED: Switch 3 R0/0: stack_mgr: Switch 6 has been removed from the stack.
Apr 9 19:13:47.666: %STACKMGR-6-STACK_LINK_CHANGE: Switch 5 R0/0: stack_mgr: Stack port 1 on Switch 5 is down
Apr 9 19:25:57.715: %STACKMGR-6-STACK_LINK_CHANGE: Switch 5 R0/0: stack_mgr: Stack port 1 on Switch 5 is up
Apr 9 19:26:15.817: %STACKMGR-4-SWITCH_REMOVED: Switch 2 R0/0: stack_mgr: Switch 6 has been removed from the stack.
Apr 9 19:26:15.946: %STACKMGR-4-SWITCH_REMOVED: Switch 1 R0/0: stack_mgr: Switch 6 has been removed from the stack.
Apr 9 19:26:16.290: %STACKMGR-4-SWITCH_REMOVED: Switch 5 R0/0: stack_mgr: Switch 6 has been removed from the stack.
Apr 9 19:26:16.450: %STACKMGR-4-SWITCH_REMOVED: Switch 3 R0/0: stack_mgr: Switch 6 has been removed from the stack.
Apr 9 19:26:16.457: %STACKMGR-4-SWITCH_REMOVED: Switch 4 R0/0: stack_mgr: Switch 6 has been removed from the stack.
Apr 9 19:26:21.717: %STACKMGR-6-STACK_LINK_CHANGE: Switch 5 R0/0: stack_mgr: Stack port 1 on Switch 5 is down
Apr 9 19:38:31.766: %STACKMGR-6-STACK_LINK_CHANGE: Switch 5 R0/0: stack_mgr: Stack port 1 on Switch 5 is up
因為堆疊連線埠中發現太多CRC錯誤,所以硬體中斷率高。
Jun 9 09:28:06.723: %SIF_MGR-1-FAULTY_CABLE: Switch 1 R0/0: sif_mgr: High hardware interrupt seen on switch 1
Jun 9 09:29:06.724: %SIF_MGR-1-FAULTY_CABLE: Switch 1 R0/0: sif_mgr: High hardware interrupt seen on switch 1
Jun 9 09:30:06.725: %SIF_MGR-1-FAULTY_CABLE: Switch 1 R0/0: sif_mgr: High hardware interrupt seen on switch 1
Jun 9 09:31:06.726: %SIF_MGR-1-FAULTY_CABLE: Switch 1 R0/0: sif_mgr: High hardware interrupt seen on switch 1
Jun 9 09:33:06.727: %SIF_MGR-1-FAULTY_CABLE: Switch 1 R0/0: sif_mgr: High hardware interrupt seen on switch 1
Jun 9 09:34:06.728: %SIF_MGR-1-FAULTY_CABLE: Switch 1 R0/0: sif_mgr: High hardware interrupt seen on switch 1
這種問題會阻止交換機啟動,因此不能使用show
命令。
由於此問題重新載入交換器時,會顯示堆疊纜線驗證失敗。
Waiting for 120 seconds for other switches to boot Switch is in STRAGGLER mode, waiting for active Switch to boot Active Switch has booted up, starting discovery phase ################### *** Stack cable authentication failed for cable inserted on stack port 2 on switch 1 *** <-- Reloading chassis because cable auth failed on stack_port 0# Chassis 1 reloading, reason - stack cable authentication failed reload fp action requested rp processes exit with reload switch code Jul 5 10:43:33.520: %PMAN-3-PROCESS_NOTIFICATION: R0/0: pvp:
System report /crashinfo/system-report_local_20201015-165033-Universal.tar.gz (size: 176 KB) generated
在重新載入後輸入命令show version
。
switch#show version <omitted output> Last reload reason: Reload Command <-- switch 1
<omitted output> Switch 02 --------- Switch uptime : 60 minutes Base Ethernet MAC Address : aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa Motherboard Assembly Number : 11-11111-11 Motherboard Serial Number : AAAAAAAAAAA Model Revision Number : F0 Motherboard Revision Number : C0 Model Number : C9300-48P System Serial Number : AAAAAAAAAAB Last reload reason : Reload slot command Switch 03 --------- Switch uptime : 56 minutes Base Ethernet MAC Address : bb:bb:bb:bb:bb:bb Motherboard Assembly Number : 22-22222-22 Motherboard Serial Number : BBBBBBBBBBA Model Revision Number : E0 Motherboard Revision Number : C0 Model Number : C9300L-48P System Serial Number : BBBBBBBBBBB Last reload reason : stack cable authentication failure <--
switch#show logging onboard switch 3 uptime detail -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UPTIME SUMMARY INFORMATION -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- First customer power on : 08/13/2019 23:46:07 Total uptime : 0 years 38 weeks 5 days 11 hours 54 minutes Total downtime : 0 years 22 weeks 3 days 7 hours 45 minutes Number of resets : 37 Number of slot changes : 3 Current reset reason : stack cable authentication failur <-- Current reset timestamp : 10/15/2020 18:56:09 Current slot : 3 Chassis type : 95 Current uptime : 0 years 0 weeks 0 days 0 hours 56 minutes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UPTIME CONTINUOUS INFORMATION -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Time Stamp | Reset | Uptime MM/DD/YYYY HH:MM:SS | Reason | years weeks days hours minutes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10/15/2020 18:56:09 stack cable authentication failur 0 0 0 0 35 <-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stack adapter authentication failed
當交換機由於此軟體缺陷而重新載入時,看起來就像這樣。
Both links down, not waiting for other switches Switch number is X
*** Stack adapter authentication failed on stack port <1|2> on switch X *** <-- Stack Adapter Auth Fail : SIF_SERDES_CABLE_WESTBOUND
它也可以像這樣。
Both links down, not waiting for other switches Switch number is X
*** Stack adapter authentication failed on stack port <1|2> on switch X *** <--
Stack Adapter Auth Fail : SIF_SERDES_CABLE_EASTBOUND
附註:如果在交換器上發現堆疊配接器/纜線驗證失敗,則預期對應的交換器會自行重新載入,而不是整個堆疊重新載入。
若要使用後續測試組合將問題隔離到堆疊纜線、堆疊配接器或交換器本身,請完成以下步驟:
註:有一個眾所周知的Bug是上次重新載入的原因:堆疊電纜身份驗證失敗。驗證您未命中Bug,以防只發生一次Catalyst 9300L交換器。
思科漏洞ID CSCvu25094 - 9300L crash due -堆疊電纜身份驗證失敗-僅重新載入原因一次。
修訂 | 發佈日期 | 意見 |
---|---|---|
3.0 |
07-Nov-2024 |
已更新簡介、連結、替代文字、文法和格式。 |
1.0 |
24-Aug-2022 |
初始版本 |