Introduction
Ce document décrit comment remplacer un pare-feu ASA (Adaptive Security Appliance) par une paire de basculement actif/veille.
Informations générales
Les pare-feu ASA prennent en charge deux configurations de basculement, le basculement actif/actif et le basculement actif/en veille.
Il existe 2 pare-feu :
- firewall-a est principal/actif
- firewall-b est secondaire/en veille
Différence entre les unités principale et secondaire dans la configuration de basculement
Cette commande signifie que ce pare-feu transmet toujours la configuration active au pare-feu secondaire.
# failover lan unit primary
Cette commande signifie que ce pare-feu reçoit toujours la configuration active du pare-feu principal.
# failover lan unit secondary
Différence entre les unités actives et en veille dans la configuration de basculement
Cette commande signifie que ce pare-feu est le pare-feu actif dans la paire de basculement.
# failover active
Cette commande signifie que ce pare-feu est le pare-feu de secours exécutant un pare-feu dans la paire de basculement.
# failover standby
Remplacer l'échec du pare-feu secondaire
1. Vérifiez que le pare-feu principal est actif et en ligne. Exemple :
firewall-a/pri/act# show failover
Failover On
Failover unit Primary
Failover LAN Interface: sync Port-channel1 (up)
Reconnect timeout 0:00:00
Unit Poll frequency 1 seconds, holdtime 15 seconds
Interface Poll frequency 5 seconds, holdtime 25 seconds
Interface Policy 1
Monitored Interfaces 0 of 1292 maximum
MAC Address Move Notification Interval not set
Version: Ours 9.12(4)56, Mate 9.12(4)56
Serial Number: Ours JADSERIAL1, Mate JADSERIAL2
Last Failover at: 19:54:29 GMT May 23 2023
This host: Primary - Active
Active time: 2204 (sec)
slot 0: FPR-2110 hw/sw rev (49.46/9.12(4)56) status (Up Sys)
Interface inside (10.0.0.1): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface outside (10.1.1.1): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface management (10.2.2.1): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Other host: Secondary - Failed
Active time: 0 (sec)
slot 0: FPR-2110 hw/sw rev (49.46/9.12(4)56) status (Up Sys)
Interface inside (10.0.0.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface outside (10.1.1.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface management (10.2.2.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
2. Arrêtez et retirez physiquement le pare-feu secondaire.
3. Ajoutez physiquement le nouveau pare-feu secondaire et mettez-le sous tension.
4. Une fois que le nouveau pare-feu secondaire est actif avec la configuration d’usine par défaut, activez le lien de basculement,no shutdown
le lien physique de basculement.
Exemple :
firewall-a/pri/act#conf t
firewall-a/pri/act#(config)#interface Port-channel1
firewall-a/pri/act#(config-if)#no shutdown
firewall-a/pri/act#(config)#exit
firewall-a/pri/act#
firewall-b/sec/stby#conf t
firewall-b/sec/stby#(config)#interface Port-channel1
firewall-b/sec/stby#(config-if)#no shutdown
firewall-b/sec/stby#(config)#exit
firewall-b/sec/stby#
5. Configurez les commandes de basculement. Exemple :
firewall-a/pri/act# sh run | inc fail
failover
failover lan unit primary
failover lan interface sync Port-channel1
failover link sync Port-channel1
failover interface ip sync 10.10.13.9 255.255.255.252 standby 10.10.13.10
no failover wait-disable
firewall-a/pri/act#
firewall-b/sec/stby# sh run | inc fail
no failover
failover lan unit secondary
failover lan interface sync Port-channel1
failover link sync Port-channel1
failover interface ip sync 10.10.13.9 255.255.255.252 standby 10.10.13.10
no failover wait-disable
firewall-b/sec/stby#
6. Activez le basculement sur le nouveau pare-feu secondaire. Exemple :
firewall-b/sec/stby#conf t
firewall-b/sec/stby#(config)#failover
firewall-b/sec/stby#(config)#exit
firewall-b/sec/stby#
firewall-b/sec/stby# sh run | inc fail
failover
firewall-b/sec/stby#
7. Attendez que la configuration active soit synchronisée avec la nouvelle unité et validez l'état de basculement correct. Exemple :
firewall-a/pri/act#
Beginning configuration replication: Sending to mate.
End Configuration Replication to mate
firewall-a/pri/act#
firewall-b/sec/stby#
Beginning configuration replication from mate.
End configuration replication from mate.
firewall-b/sec/stby#
Remarque : Notez que le pare-feu principal (firewall-a) envoie la configuration au pare-feu secondaire (firewall-b).
8. Enregistrez la configuration sur le serveur principal/actif et validez la mémoire d'écriture sur le nouveau serveur secondaire/en veille. Exemple :
firewall-a/pri/act#write memory
Building configuration...
Cryptochecksum: ad317407 935a773c 6c5fb66a c5edc342
64509 bytes copied in 9.290 secs (7167 bytes/sec)
[OK]
firewall-a/pri/act#
firewall-b/sec/stby#
May 24 2023 15:16:21 firewall-b : %ASA-5-111001: Begin configuration: console writing to memory
May 24 2023 15:16:22 firewall-b : %ASA-5-111004: console end configuration: OK
May 24 2023 15:16:22 firewall-b : %ASA-5-111008: User 'failover' executed the 'write memory' command.
May 24 2023 15:16:22 firewall-b : %ASA-5-111010: User 'failover', running 'N/A' from IP x.x.x.x , executed 'write memory'
firewall-b/sec/stby#
9. Vérifiez que la paire de basculement est active/active sur les deux pare-feu. Exemple :
firewall-a/pri/act# show failover
Failover On
Failover unit Primary
Failover LAN Interface: sync Port-channel1 (up)
Reconnect timeout 0:00:00
Unit Poll frequency 1 seconds, holdtime 15 seconds
Interface Poll frequency 5 seconds, holdtime 25 seconds
Interface Policy 1
Monitored Interfaces 0 of 1292 maximum
MAC Address Move Notification Interval not set
Version: Ours 9.12(4)56, Mate 9.12(4)56
Serial Number: Ours JADSERIAL1, Mate JADSERIAL2
Last Failover at: 19:54:29 GMT May 23 2023
This host: Primary - Active
Active time: 71564 (sec)
slot 0: FPR-2110 hw/sw rev (49.46/9.12(4)56) status (Up Sys)
Interface inside (10.0.0.1): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface outside (10.1.1.1): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface management (10.2.2.1): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Other host: Secondary - Standby Ready
Active time: 0 (sec)
slot 0: FPR-2110 hw/sw rev (49.46/9.12(4)56) status (Up Sys)
Interface inside (10.0.0.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface outside (10.1.1.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface management (10.2.2.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
firewall-b/sec/stby# show failover
Failover On
Failover unit Secondary
Failover LAN Interface: sync Port-channel1 (up)
Reconnect timeout 0:00:00
Unit Poll frequency 1 seconds, holdtime 15 seconds
Interface Poll frequency 5 seconds, holdtime 25 seconds
Interface Policy 1
Monitored Interfaces 0 of 1292 maximum
MAC Address Move Notification Interval not set
Version: Ours 9.12(4)56, Mate 9.12(4)56
Serial Number: Ours JADSERIAL2, Mate JADSERIAL1
Last Failover at: 20:51:27 GMT May 23 2023
This host: Secondary - Standby Ready
Active time: 0 (sec)
slot 0: FPR-2110 hw/sw rev (49.46/9.12(4)56) status (Up Sys)
Interface inside (10.0.0.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface outside (10.1.1.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface management (10.2.2.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Other host: Primary - Active
Active time: 71635 (sec)
slot 0: FPR-2110 hw/sw rev (49.46/9.12(4)56) status (Up Sys)
Interface inside (10.0.0.1: Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface outide (10.1.1.1): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface management (10.2.2.1): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Remplacer l'échec du pare-feu principal
- Vérifiez que le pare-feu secondaire est actif et en ligne. Exemple :
firewall-b/sec/act# show failover
Failover On
Failover unit Secondary
Failover LAN Interface: sync Port-channel1 (up)
Reconnect timeout 0:00:00
Unit Poll frequency 1 seconds, holdtime 15 seconds
Interface Poll frequency 5 seconds, holdtime 25 seconds
Interface Policy 1
Monitored Interfaces 0 of 1292 maximum
MAC Address Move Notification Interval not set
Version: Ours 9.12(4)56, Mate 9.12(4)56
Serial Number: Ours JADSERIAL2, Mate JADSERIAL1
Last Failover at: 19:54:29 GMT May 23 2023
This host: Secondary - Active
Active time: 2204 (sec)
slot 0: FPR-2110 hw/sw rev (49.46/9.12(4)56) status (Up Sys)
Interface inside (10.0.0.1): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface outside (10.1.1.1): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface management (10.2.2.1): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Other host: Primary - Failed
Active time: 0 (sec)
slot 0: FPR-2110 hw/sw rev (49.46/9.12(4)56) status (Up Sys)
Interface inside (10.0.0.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface outside (10.1.1.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface management (10.2.2.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
- Arrêtez et retirez physiquement le pare-feu principal.
- Ajouter physiquement le nouveau pare-feu principal et le mettre sous tension.
- Maintenant, le nouveau pare-feu principal est actif avec la configuration par défaut.
- Activez le lien de basculement, sans arrêter le lien physique de basculement. Exemple :
firewall-a/pri/stby#conf t
firewall-a/pri/stby#(config)#interface Port-channel1
firewall-a/pri/stby#(config-if)#no shutdown
firewall-a/pri/stby#(config)#exit
firewall-a/pri/stby#
firewall-b/sec/act#conf t
firewall-b/sec/act#(config)#interface Port-channel1
firewall-b/sec/act#(config-if)#no shutdown
firewall-b/sec/act#(config)#exit
firewall-b/sec/act#
- Enregistrez la configuration. Écrivez de la mémoire sur le pare-feu secondaire/actif et assurez-vous que l'unité LAN secondaire de basculement est dans la configuration de démarrage.
Exemple :
firewall-b/sec/act# write memory
Building configuration...
Cryptochecksum: ad317407 935a773c 6c5fb66a c5edc342
64509 bytes copied in 9.290 secs (7167 bytes/sec)
[OK]
firewall-b/sec/act# show start | inc unit
failover lan unit secondary
firewall-b/sec/act#
- Configurer les commandes de basculement.
- Sur le pare-feu secondaire/actif, vous devez d'abord définir la commande failover lan unit primary pour vous assurer que la configuration active est poussée du pare-feu secondaire/actif vers le nouveau pare-feu primaire/de secours de configuration par défaut. Exemple :
firewall-b/sec/act# sh run | inc unit
failover lan unit secondary
firewall-b/sec/act#
firewall-b/sec/act#conf t
firewall-b/sec/act#(config)#failover lan unit primary
firewall-b/sec/act#(config)#exit
firewall-b/sec/act# sh run | inc unit
failover lan unit primary
firewall-b/pri/act#
b.
Validez la configuration du basculement sur les deux périphériques. Exemple :
firewall-b/pri/act# sh run | inc fail
failover
failover lan unit primary
failover lan interface sync Port-channel1
failover link sync Port-channel1
failover interface ip sync 10.10.13.9 255.255.255.252 standby 10.10.13.10
no failover wait-disable
firewall-b/pri/act#
firewall-a/sec/stby# sh run | inc fail
no failover
failover lan unit secondary
failover lan interface sync Port-channel1
failover link sync Port-channel1
failover interface ip sync 10.10.13.9 255.255.255.252 standby 10.10.13.10
no failover wait-disable
firewall-a/sec/stby#
- Activez le basculement sur le nouveau pare-feu principal. Exemple :
firewall-a/sec/stby#conf t
firewall-a/sec/stby#(config)#failover
firewall-a/sec/stby#(config)#exit
firewall-a/sec/stby#
firewall-a/sec/stby# sh run | inc fail
failover
firewall-a/sec/stby#
- Attendez que la configuration active soit synchronisée avec la nouvelle unité et validez l'état de basculement correct. Exemple :
firewall-b/pri/act#
Beginning configuration replication: Sending to mate.
End Configuration Replication to mate
firewall-b/pri/act#
firewall-a/sec/stby#
Beginning configuration replication from mate.
End configuration replication from mate.
firewall-a/sec/stby#
Remarque : Notez que le pare-feu principal (firewall-b) envoie la configuration au pare-feu secondaire (firewall-a). N'écrivez pas de mémoire sur le pare-feu maintenant principal/actif (firewall-b).
- Rechargez le pare-feu maintenant principal/actif (firewall-b) afin qu'il redémarre en tant que pare-feu secondaire/de secours.
firewall-b/pri/act#reload
- Juste après avoir exécuté la commande « firewall-b reload » (attendez 15 secondes), passez au nouveau pare-feu principal (firewall-a) et entrez la commande failover lan unit primary, suivie de la commande write memory.
firewall-a/sec/act#conf t
firewall-a/sec/act#(config)#failover lan unit primary
firewall-a/sec/act#(config)#exit
firewall-a/sec/act# sh run | inc unit
failover lan unit primary
firewall-a/pri/act# write memory
Building configuration...
Cryptochecksum: ad317407 935a773c 6c5fb66a c5edc342
64509 bytes copied in 9.290 secs (7167 bytes/sec)
[OK]
firewall-a/pri/act# show start | inc unit
failover lan unit primary
firewall-a/pri/act#
- Attendez que firewall-b démarre complètement et joigne la paire de basculement en tant que secondaire/veille. Exemple :
firewall-a/pri/act#
Beginning configuration replication: Sending to mate.
End Configuration Replication to mate
firewall-a/pri/act#
firewall-b/sec/stby#
Beginning configuration replication from mate.
End configuration replication from mate.
firewall-b/sec/stby#
Remarque : Veuillez noter que le pare-feu principal (firewall-a) envoie la configuration au pare-feu secondaire (firewall-b).
- Enregistrez la configuration, écrivez de la mémoire sur le serveur principal/actif et validez la mémoire d'écriture sur le nouveau serveur secondaire/en veille. Exemple :
firewall-a/pri/act#write memory
Building configuration...
Cryptochecksum: ad317407 935a773c 6c5fb66a c5edc342
64509 bytes copied in 9.290 secs (7167 bytes/sec)
[OK]
firewall-a/pri/act#
firewall-b/sec/stby#
May 24 2023 15:16:21 firewall-b : %ASA-5-111001: Begin configuration: console writing to memory
May 24 2023 15:16:22 firewall-b : %ASA-5-111004: console end configuration: OK
May 24 2023 15:16:22 firewall-b : %ASA-5-111008: User 'failover' executed the 'write memory' command.
May 24 2023 15:16:22 firewall-b : %ASA-5-111010: User 'failover', running 'N/A' from IP x.x.x.x , executed 'write memory'
firewall-b/sec/stby#
- Vérifiez que la paire de basculement est active/active sur les deux pare-feu. Exemple :
firewall-a/pri/act# show failover
Failover On
Failover unit Primary
Failover LAN Interface: sync Port-channel1 (up)
Reconnect timeout 0:00:00
Unit Poll frequency 1 seconds, holdtime 15 seconds
Interface Poll frequency 5 seconds, holdtime 25 seconds
Interface Policy 1
Monitored Interfaces 0 of 1292 maximum
MAC Address Move Notification Interval not set
Version: Ours 9.12(4)56, Mate 9.12(4)56
Serial Number: Ours JADSERIAL1, Mate JADSERIAL2
Last Failover at: 19:54:29 GMT May 23 2023
This host: Primary - Active
Active time: 71564 (sec)
slot 0: FPR-2110 hw/sw rev (49.46/9.12(4)56) status (Up Sys)
Interface inside (10.0.0.1): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface outside (10.1.1.1): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface management (10.2.2.1): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Other host: Secondary - Standby Ready
Active time: 0 (sec)
slot 0: FPR-2110 hw/sw rev (49.46/9.12(4)56) status (Up Sys)
Interface inside (10.0.0.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface outside (10.1.1.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface management (10.2.2.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
firewall-b/sec/stby# show failover
Failover On
Failover unit Secondary
Failover LAN Interface: sync Port-channel1 (up)
Reconnect timeout 0:00:00
Unit Poll frequency 1 seconds, holdtime 15 seconds
Interface Poll frequency 5 seconds, holdtime 25 seconds
Interface Policy 1
Monitored Interfaces 0 of 1292 maximum
MAC Address Move Notification Interval not set
Version: Ours 9.12(4)56, Mate 9.12(4)56
Serial Number: Ours JADSERIAL2, Mate JADSERIAL1
Last Failover at: 20:51:27 GMT May 23 2023
This host: Secondary - Standby Ready
Active time: 0 (sec)
slot 0: FPR-2110 hw/sw rev (49.46/9.12(4)56) status (Up Sys)
Interface inside (10.0.0.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface outside (10.1.1.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface management (10.2.2.2): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Other host: Primary - Active
Active time: 71635 (sec)
slot 0: FPR-2110 hw/sw rev (49.46/9.12(4)56) status (Up Sys)
Interface inside (10.0.0.1: Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface outide (10.1.1.1): Normal (Not-Monitored)
Interface management (10.2.2.1): Normal (Not-Monitored)