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This document describes high-level methods to troubleshoot various common issues with wireless phones such as the 8821 and 8821-EX.
There are no specific requirements for this document.
The information in this document is based on a CP-8821 on 11.0.5-SR1 firmware.
The information in this document was created from devices in a lab environment. All of the devices used in this document started with a cleared (default) configuration. If you are performing these tasks in a production environment, ensure that you understand the potential impact of any command.
Commonly used terminology and abbreviations that you need to know in order to troubleshoot various 8821 issues:
Note: RSSI is measured in dBm so the measurement is logarithmic rather than linear. This means -3dBm is half the signal strength while +3dBm is double the signal strength.
The first step to troubleshoot 8821 connectivity issues is to ensure that the wireless config adheres to the 8821 deployment guide. You can use these tools to help accomplish this:
More information about how to use the Wireless Config Analyzer tool can be found here:
One of the first steps to troubleshoot wireless issues is to get a very detailed description of the problem. It is imperative that you understand the problem in detail so that you can troubleshoot the issue effectively. In order to narrow your focus down to the right area, knowledge of the expected behavior of the phone is vital. See the high-level steps that a phone takes from power on to the registration:
You need to isolate the step at which the failure occurs.
If you experience intermittent call drops or audio issues, immediately look at the phone when the issue occurs. Does the WiFi icon disappear? If so, the phone disassociates from the AP and the failure is likely due to the loss of network connectivity. If the WiFi icon remains, then it would make more sense to troubleshoot the problem from a Voice over IP (VoIP) perspective rather than connectivity. A quick and easy way to ensure that the phone remains associated to the AP and on the network is to run a continuous ping.
When a wireless device roams, it switches to a new AP. There are a few reasons that this can occur but the most common reason to roam is the difference in RSSI between the current AP and a neighboring AP.
In addition to signal strength, there are a few other triggers for the 8821 to roam:
The 8821 has 3 different options for Scan Mode which dictate how often the phone scans to determine the signal strength of all APs in the vicinity. This can be found at Cisco Unified CM Administration > Device > Phone > Select the 8821.
Note: It is very important to understand that roaming can occur even if the phone is stationary. Most enterprise environments have a lot of variables that can cause RSSI to fluctuate even if the phone is stationary. If you suspect that your issue is due to roaming, setting the scan mode to Single AP can be very useful to prove that. Also, bear in mind that while RSSI fluctuation is the most common cause, there are other causes for roaming as well.
Be aware of FN-70357 if you have an 8821 that cannot acquire an IP. This is usually seen in scenarios where ISE is upgraded to a version affected by CSCvm03681.
The 8821 has various Log Profiles that are important to understand to troubleshoot issues. These are found on the device configuration page in CUCM:
Telephony is typically preferred over default due to the added debugs that it provides. When in doubt, change the profile to Telephony and additional debugs can be manually enabled in addition to that if needed.
In cases where you need to troubleshoot 8821 connectivity, the text logs alone are not sufficient to isolate the cause of the problem. Consider a scenario where the 8821 sends a SIP REGISTER to CUCM and CUCM never responds. You need to determine a few things:
Since the text logs don't provide ample visibility into the cause of the problem, you need to collect packet captures from a few places:
You must look for a point in the path of this packet where one device receives the packet but does not transmit it to the next device. With that knowledge, you can pinpoint the problem to a specific device, or set of devices.
More information on how to collect an OTA capture can be found here: https://documentation.meraki.com/MR/Monitoring_and_Reporting/Capturing_Wireless_Traffic_from_a_Client_Machine
%%%%% Successful DHCP exchange 7241 ERR Oct 23 12:26:47.211445 DHCP-dhcpSendReq ...
7246 ERR Oct 23 12:26:47.218905 DHCP-dhcpSendReq(): Sending Discover...
... 7312 ERR Oct 23 12:26:48.395112 DHCP-dhcpRcvPkt ...
7322 ERR Oct 23 12:26:48.402401 DHCP-dhcpRcvPkt(): Sending Request... ...
7327 ERR Oct 23 12:26:48.500058 DHCP-dhcpRcvPkt ...
7330 NOT Oct 23 12:26:48.500112 DHCP-dhcpRcvPkt(): ACK received ...
7334 NOT Oct 23 12:26:48.500176 DHCP-dhcpRcvPkt(): DHCP Succeeded 7335 NOT Oct 23 12:26:48.500188 DHCP-dhcpRcvPkt(): new assigned IP addr: 0xaa401fac, configuredipaddr: 0x0
%%%%% DHCP Discover 2811 ERR Oct 23 12:33:17.229603 DHCP-dhcpSendReq(): Sending Discover... 2812 ERR Oct 23 12:33:17.229643 DHCP-dhcpDiscover 2813 ERR Oct 23 12:33:17.229659 DHCP-setSelectTimeout
%%%%% No response to DHCP Discover 3253 ERR Oct 23 12:33:21.234227 DHCP-dhcpReadThrd(): response not received, try again... ...
3258 ERR Oct 23 12:33:21.234331 DHCP-dhcpTmrExp(): Max retries of discover
%%%%% Phone does not acquire an IP so it cannot connect to the network 3638 ERR Oct 23 12:33:24.660465 NTP->>> Send pkt to 172.16.155.3 error: [101] Network is unreachable
...
3641 ERR Oct 23 12:33:25.350497 DHCP-dhcpReadThrd(): response not received, try again... ...
3646 ERR Oct 23 12:33:25.350606 DHCP-dhcpTmrExp(): Max retries of discover ... 3776 ERR Oct 23 12:33:29.465112 DHCP-dhcpReadThrd(): response not received, try again... ...
3785 ERR Oct 23 12:33:29.470765 DHCP-dhcpDiscover
In order to search for roaming in 8821 logs, you need to ensure that the log profile is set to Telephony. Once you have done that, you can use this regex string:
wpa_supplicant\([0-9][0-9][0-9]\)-nl80211:\ Associated\ with
Be sure to paste this exactly as it is shown. Also, set your text editor to use the search string as regex.
%%%%% This phone is not roaming until the MAC Address of the AP changes on line 4121
2848 DEB Oct 25 09:49:37.303344 wpa_supplicant(940)-nl80211: Associated with 70:10:5c:b0:2a:1c
2897 DEB Oct 25 09:49:37.683084 wpa_supplicant(940)-nl80211: Associated with 70:10:5c:b0:2a:1c
3018 DEB Oct 25 09:49:39.680420 wpa_supplicant(940)-nl80211: Associated with 70:10:5c:b0:2a:1c
3600 DEB Oct 25 09:49:41.676275 wpa_supplicant(940)-nl80211: Associated with 70:10:5c:b0:2a:1c
3928 DEB Oct 25 09:49:43.669054 wpa_supplicant(940)-nl80211: Associated with 70:10:5c:b0:2a:1c
3983 DEB Oct 25 09:49:45.672203 wpa_supplicant(940)-nl80211: Associated with 70:10:5c:b0:2a:1c
4037 DEB Oct 25 09:49:47.674104 wpa_supplicant(940)-nl80211: Associated with 70:10:5c:b0:2a:1c
4085 DEB Oct 25 09:49:49.671717 wpa_supplicant(940)-nl80211: Associated with 70:10:5c:b0:2a:1c
4121 DEB Oct 25 09:49:49.766735 wpa_supplicant(940)-nl80211: Associated with b4:e9:b0:b5:05:59
You want to ensure that the phone remains connected to an AP with a signal strength of -67dBm or better (closer to 0). You can easily scan the logs for this with this search string:
level=-
Example:
%%%%% The signal level is printed on the right end of each line. If you see this approach or exceed -67, then jump to that line and investigate
%%%%% In this example, the RSSI exceeded our acceptable threshhold starting on line 4008 and only came back within acceptable limits for one scan so I would start there
3550 DEB Oct 25 11:34:08.317669 wpa_supplicant(940)-wlan0: 0: 74:a2:e6:71:73:6c ssid='cisco-lab-voip' wpa_ie_len=0 rsn_ie_len=24 caps=0x1111 level=-66
3586 DEB Oct 25 11:34:08.681122 wpa_supplicant(940)-wlan0: 0: 74:a2:e6:71:73:6c ssid='cisco-lab-voip' wpa_ie_len=0 rsn_ie_len=24 caps=0x1111 level=-66
3692 DEB Oct 25 11:34:13.484584 wpa_supplicant(940)-wlan0: 0: 74:a2:e6:71:75:ec ssid='cisco-lab-voip' wpa_ie_len=0 rsn_ie_len=24 caps=0x1111 level=-58
3902 DEB Oct 25 11:34:18.305574 wpa_supplicant(940)-wlan0: 0: 74:a2:e6:71:75:ec ssid='cisco-lab-voip' wpa_ie_len=0 rsn_ie_len=24 caps=0x1111 level=-57
4008 DEB Oct 25 11:34:21.310674 wpa_supplicant(940)-wlan0: 0: 74:a2:e6:71:75:ec ssid='cisco-lab-voip' wpa_ie_len=0 rsn_ie_len=24 caps=0x1111 level=-68
4047 DEB Oct 25 11:34:21.865534 wpa_supplicant(940)-wlan0: 0: 74:a2:e6:71:75:ec ssid='cisco-lab-voip' wpa_ie_len=0 rsn_ie_len=24 caps=0x1111 level=-68
4144 DEB Oct 25 11:34:26.311028 wpa_supplicant(940)-wlan0: 0: e8:40:40:72:29:5c ssid='cisco-lab-voip' wpa_ie_len=0 rsn_ie_len=24 caps=0x1111 level=-66
4316 DEB Oct 25 11:34:32.063243 wpa_supplicant(940)-wlan0: 0: 74:a2:e6:71:75:ec ssid='cisco-lab-voip' wpa_ie_len=0 rsn_ie_len=24 caps=0x1111 level=-68
4467 DEB Oct 25 11:34:39.191279 wpa_supplicant(940)-wlan0: 0: 74:a2:e6:71:75:ec ssid='cisco-lab-voip' wpa_ie_len=0 rsn_ie_len=24 caps=0x1111 level=-68
4642 DEB Oct 25 11:34:44.210987 wpa_supplicant(940)-wlan0: 0: e8:40:40:72:29:5c ssid='cisco-lab-voip' wpa_ie_len=0 rsn_ie_len=24 caps=0x1111 level=-77
4796 DEB Oct 25 11:34:50.064503 wpa_supplicant(940)-wlan0: 0: e8:40:40:72:29:5c ssid='cisco-lab-voip' wpa_ie_len=0 rsn_ie_len=24 caps=0x1111 level=-77
4911 DEB Oct 25 11:34:57.241813 wpa_supplicant(940)-wlan0: 0: e8:40:40:72:29:5c ssid='cisco-lab-voip' wpa_ie_len=0 rsn_ie_len=24 caps=0x1111 level=-77
4927 DEB Oct 25 11:34:57.453239 wpa_supplicant(940)-wlan0: 0: e8:40:40:72:29:5c ssid='cisco-lab-voip' wpa_ie_len=0 rsn_ie_len=24 caps=0x1111 level=-77
5502 DEB Oct 25 11:35:02.336313 wpa_supplicant(940)-wlan0: 0: e8:40:40:72:29:5c ssid='cisco-lab-voip' wpa_ie_len=0 rsn_ie_len=24 caps=0x1111 level=-77
5662 DEB Oct 25 11:35:10.671841 wpa_supplicant(940)-wlan0: 0: e8:40:40:72:29:5c ssid='cisco-lab-voip' wpa_ie_len=0 rsn_ie_len=24 caps=0x1111 level=-77
5673 DEB Oct 25 11:35:10.673330 wpa_supplicant(940)-wlan0: 0: e8:40:40:72:29:5c ssid='cisco-lab-voip' wpa_ie_len=0 rsn_ie_len=24 caps=0x1111 level=-77
%%%%% After jumping to line 4642, I scroll up to look for the previous scan
%%%%% The scan shows that there is no other AP with a stronger signal within range. Since -77dBm is unreliable, this needs to be addressed:
4628 DEB Oct 25 11:34:44.206227 wpa_supplicant(940)-nl80211: Drv Event 34 (NL80211_CMD_NEW_SCAN_RESULTS) received for wlan0
4629 DEB Oct 25 11:34:44.207867 kernel-[102016.581878] [wl_dump_bss_list]: SCAN COMPLETED: scanned AP count (1)
4630 DEB Oct 25 11:34:44.207952 kernel-[102016.581909] [wl_dump_bss_list]: SSID: "cisco-lab-voip" BSSID: e8:40:40:72:29:5c RSSI: -77 Channel: 48
Revision | Publish Date | Comments |
---|---|---|
1.0 |
19-Jul-2021 |
Initial Release |