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Service Providers continue to work with technology providers to identify innovations for scarce long haul and subsea fiber assets as demands continue to grow exponentially. Next-gen transponders provide incremental capacity improvements as we approach Shannon’s limit. A key approach to tackling this head-on is extending to L-Band frequencies to double capacity on such networks. Network Convergence System 1004 uses state of the art silicon along with complete automation and real-time visibility to deliver a universal transponder solution that provides best-in-class performance for metro, long-haul and submarine applications while being simple to deploy and manage. The solution offers both C-Band and L-Band frequency solutions.
Product features and benefits of NCS 1004 L-Band transponder
The trunk ports of the NCS 1004 L-Band transponder are capable of several line rates with fine control of modulation format, baud-rate and forward error correction allowing the solution to be used for metro, terrestrial long-haul or submarine applications:
● The baud-rate can be controlled between 31.5Gbd/s and 72Gbd/s.
● The modulation format can be controlled between QPSK, 8-QAM, 16QAM and 32QAM.
● Hybrids between modulation formats can be configured to achieve 0.001 bits/symbol of granularity.
● Forward Error Correction (FEC) of 27% and 15% overhead.
● Trunk line rate from 200G to 400G in 50G increments.
Each line card can provide up to 8x100Gbe/OTU4 client ports. The client ports map to two trunk ports operating any rate between 100G and 400G in 50G increments. The baud-rate, modulation format and FEC of each trunk port is software-configurable per slice.
The Cisco NCS 1004 L band system provides the following hardware benefits:
● Transport of any trunk rate between 200 and 400Gbps wavelengths on the same platform through software provisioning.
● Support of granular control of baud-rate and modulation format to maximize spectral efficiency.
● One universal transponder that is performance optimized for metro, long-haul and submarine applications.
● Support for up to 350,000 ps/nm of residual chromatic dispersion compensation.
● Transport of 100GE and OTU4 on the same platform through software provisioning.
● 400G DWDM provides unparalleled scale and density. With 64 channels of 400G at 75Ghz, the NCS 1004 provides 25.6Tbps in 16RU.
● State of the art AES-256 Encryption at scale – 3.2Tbps of encrypted trunk capacity per 2RU.
● Non-Linear Compensation for maximum performance on compensated legacy subsea cables and for non-linear terrestrial fibers.
● SOP tracking speed of up to 10 million rad/s for aerial fiber applications.
● The Cisco NCS 1004 features software configurable modulation scheme per slice, allowing the operator to customize the spectral efficiency and reach characteristics of individual wavelengths. 69Gbaud/s symbol rate doubles capacity per interface when compared to 32Gbaud/s signals today.
Table 1. Sample modulation format, baud-rate, line rate combinations
Modulation Type |
Bits/Symbol |
Baud-rate (GBaud/s) |
Line rate supported (Gbps) |
PM-QPSK |
2 |
69.4351 |
200 |
PM-QPSK-8QAM hybrid |
2.5 |
69.4351 |
250 |
PM-8QAM |
3 |
69.4351 |
300 |
PM-8QAM-16QAM hybrid |
3.5 |
69.4351 |
350 |
PM-16QAM |
4 |
69.4351 |
400 |
The line interface supports software-provisionable tunability across the full L band, covering 96 channels on the 50-GHz grid. Grid-less tuning support allows for continuous tunability in increments of 0.1 GHz and the ability to create multicarrier super-channels over flex spectrum line systems.
The Cisco NCS 1004 can transparently deliver 100Gbe and OTU4 clients over 2x 100G-400G.
Fine Control of Coherent DWDM interface
The Cisco NCS 1004 provides the ability to modify baud-rate and modulation format with fine control to meet capacity and reach requirements for a range of use-cases as shown in Figure 3.
● Use 69Gbaud/s line rates to maximize capacity at lowest price per bit for Metro and Long-Haul networks.
● Use real-time network bandwidth and performance data to maximize line rate capacity on coherent DWDM interface.
● Support line rates that can maximize capacity for bandwidth constrained 50Ghz and 100Ghz spaced legacy ROADM networks.
● Maximize spectral efficiency on submarine cable line system for the target Q-margin.
With increasing asks for data privacy and data protection across the globe, encryption of any data that leaves the Data Center facility is becoming an important requirement for cloud operators. The NCS 1004 provides AES256 based OTN-Sec encryption for 100GE and OTU4 clients. IKEv2 is used for authentication of the devices in an encryption session and the protocol provides pre-shared keys, certificates or 802.1X based authentication options. Elliptical Curve Diffie Hilman (ECDH) Key Exchange protocol runs over a GCC (Generic Communication Channel) between two NCS1004 nodes.
The Cisco NCS 1004 provides comprehensive management capabilities to support Operations, Administration, Maintenance, and Provisioning (OAM&P) capabilities through IOS-XR CLI, SNMP, Syslog, and XML. In addition, iPXE for automated software download and Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP) for automated configuration download are available for simplified installation. For machine-to-machine configuration and management of NCS 1004, NETCONF, RESTCONF and gRPC transport protocols with JSON, XML and GPB encoding are provided. OpenConfig protocols for management GNMI and operations GNOI are also supported. The NCS 1004 provides a set of native YANG models as well as the ability to map into any industry standard or customer defined YANG data models. For monitoring, NCS 1004 provides a streaming telemetry feature that relies on a push mechanism to disseminate user selected PM and status information at user specified frequencies at granular 10 second intervals. This improves monitoring speed and scale compared to traditional pull based mechanisms such as SNMP. The telemetry infrastructure also allows for events such as alarms, port-state changes to be notified.
The NCS 1004 can also support third application hosting. Such an application can be hosted in a container or docker and can perform provisioning and monitoring on the NCS 1004.
The Cisco NCS 1004 supports performance monitoring of optical parameters on the client and DWDM line interface including laser bias current, transmit and receive optical power. Ethernet RMON statistics for the client ports and OTN error counters for the trunk are also available. Calculation and accumulation of the performance-monitoring data are supported in 15-minute and 24-hour intervals as per G.7710. Physical system parameters measured at the wavelength level, such as mean polarization mode dispersion, accumulated chromatic dispersion, pre-FEC Bit Error Rate and received Optical Signal-to-Noise Ratio (OSNR) are also included in the set of performance-monitoring parameters. These parameters can greatly simplify troubleshooting operations.
The NCS 1004 provides a set of port and system LEDs for a quick visual check of the operational status. The various LEDs are described in detail in Table 9.
The headless operation allows for NCS 1004 data plane to operate errorless during software upgrades and when the controller card is either physically absent or in a failed state. Trunk and client statistics will be accumulated and will be available to the user once the controller is up. In addition, fault propagation will continue to operate for client and trunk failures without the presence of the controller module.
The following table summarizes the features of the NCS 1004 L-Band Line Card
Table 2. Feature summary
Feature |
Description |
Software Compatibility |
● IOS-XR 7.2.0 or later
|
Port Density |
● 32 QSFP28 client-side ports in 2RU
● 8 DWDM line/trunk ports in 2RU
|
OTN feature summary |
● Alarm reporting for Loss of Signal (LOS), Loss of Frame (LOF), Loss of Multi-frame (LOM), Alarm Indication Signal (AIS), Backward Defect Indicator (BDI)
● OTUk, ODUk, OPUk Performance Monitoring
● Threshold Crossing Alerts (TCAs)
● Local (internal) and line (network) loopbacks
● Trunk Trace Identifier, Generic Communication Channel
● L1 AES-256 encryption
|
Optical Feature Summary |
● 50GHz and flex-grid (0.1GHz) tunable lasers
● Nyquist shaping
● Non Linear Equalization
● Electronically compensated CD and PMD
● Performance Monitoring and Threshold Crossing Alerts (TCAs)
● Tx and Rx power monitoring
|
Ethernet Feature Summary |
● Alarms and Performance Monitoring
● Squelch and Local Fault Propagation
● LLDP Snooping
● Performance Monitoring and Threshold Crossing Alerts (TCAs)
● Local (internal) and line (network) loopbacks
|
Availability |
● Online insertion and Removal of the Controller
● Headless mode of operation
|
Network Management |
● iPXE and Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP)
● IOS XR CLI
● SNMP
● Streaming Telemetry including event driven telemetry
● NETCONF, RESTCONF, gRPC with YANG data models
|
Environmental Conditions |
● Operating Temperature: 0 to 40 °C (32 to 104 °F)
|
Table 3 lists regulatory compliance information for the trunk card. Note that all compliance documentation may not be completed at the time of product release. Please check with your Cisco sales representative for countries other than Canada, the United States, and the European Union.
Table 3. Regulatory compliance
ANSI System |
ETSI System |
Countries and Regions Supported |
|
● Canada
● United States
● Korea
● Japan
● European Union
|
● European Union
● Africa
● CSI
● Australia
● New Zealand
● China
● Korea
● India
● Saudi Arabia
● South America
|
●
EMC (Emissions)
|
● FCC 47CFR15, Class A
● AS/NZS CISPR 32, Class A
● CISPR 32, Class A
● EN55032, Class A
● ICES-003, Class A
● VCCI, Class A
● KN 32, Class A
● KN61000-3-2
● KN61000-3-3
● CNS-13438, Class A
|
●
EMC (Immunity)
|
● IEC/EN61000-4-2 Electrostatic Discharge Immunity
● IEC/EN61000-4-3 Radiated Immunity
● IEC/EN61000-4-4 EFT-B Immunity
● IEC/EN61000-4-5 Surge AC Port
● IEC/EN61000-4-6 Immunity to Conducted Disturbances
● IEC/EN61000-4-11 Voltage Dips, Short Interruptions, and Voltage Variations
● KN 35
|
●
EMC (ETSI/EN)
|
● EN 300 386 Telecommunications Network Equipment (EMC)
● EN55032 Electromagnetic Compatibility of Multimedia Equipment – Emission Requirements
● Information Technology Equipment (Emissions)
● EN55035 Electromagnetic Compatibility of Multimedia Equipment – Immunity Requirements
● EN55024 Information Technology Equipment (Immunity)
● EN61000-1/EN61000-6-2 Generic Immunity Standard
● EN61000-3-2 Power Line Harmonics
● EN61000-3-3 Voltage Changes, Fluctuations, and Flicker
|
Safety |
|
● CSA C22.2 #60950-1 – Edition 7, March 2007
● UL 60950-1 - Edition 2, 2014
|
● IEC 60950-1 Information technology equipment Safety Part 1: General requirements - Edition 2, 2005 + Amendment 1 2009 + Amendment 2 2013
● EN 60950-1: Edition 2 (2006) Information technology equipment - Safety - Part 1: General requirements + A11:2009 + A1:2010 + A12:2011 + A2:2013
● CE Safety Directive: 2014/35/EC
|
Laser |
|
● 21CFR1040 (2008/04) (Accession Letter and CDRH Report) Guidance for Industry and FDA Staff (Laser Notice No. 50), June 2007
|
● IEC 60825-1: 2014 Ed. 3.0 Safety of laser products Part 1: Equipment classification, requirements and users guide
● IEC60825-2 Ed.3.2 (2010) Safety of laser products Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems
|
Optical |
|
● ITU-T G.691
|
● ITU-T G.975
|
Quality |
|
● TR-NWT-000332, Issue 4, Method 1 calculation for 20-year Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF)
|
Table 4 provides the DWDM specifications, Table 5 details receive-side optical performances, Table 6 lists performance-monitoring parameters, Table 7 provides card specifications, Table 8 gives ordering information.
Table 4. DWDM specifications
Parameter |
Value |
Baud rate |
28 to 72Gbaud/s |
Automatic laser shutdown and restart |
ITU-T G.664 (06/99) |
Nominal wavelengths (λTnom) |
Fully tunable between 1571.91 to 1612.3 nm |
Connector type (TX/RX) |
LC, duplex (shuttered) |
Optical Transmitter |
|
Type |
PM-BPSK modulation format PM-QPSK modulation format PM-8QAM modulation format PM-16QAM modulation format Hybrids of adjacent modulation allowing 1 to 4 bits/symbol in 0.001 bits/symbol increments. |
Output power |
+3 to -10 dBm in 0.01 dBm increments |
Required Optical Return Loss, minimum (ORLmin) |
24 dB |
Laser safety class |
1 |
Optical Receiver |
|
Frequency range |
186.10 to 190.85 Thz (1571.91 to 1612.3 nm) |
Input Power Range (16QAM) |
-17 to +5 dBm |
Input Power Range (8QAM,QPSK) |
-22 to +5 dBm |
Power accuracy |
+/- 1 dBm |
Optical Return Loss |
27 dB |
PMD tolerance @ 69Gbaud/s |
64ps max DGD |
Chromatic Dispersion tolerance @ 0.5db penalty |
+/-100,000 ps for QPSK/8QAM +/-80,000 ps for 16QAM |
Chromatic Dispersion tolerance @ 1db penalty |
+/-350,000 ps/nm for QPSK, 2.5 bits/sym +/-280,000 ps/nm for 8QAM +/-200,000 ps/nm for 3.5 bits/sym +/-150,000 ps/nm for 16QAM |
State of Polarization change tolerance |
10 mn rad/s for QPSK 3 mn rad/s for 8QAM |
Table 5. DWDM receive-side optical performances
Modulation Type |
FEC Type |
Pre-FEC BER |
Post-FEC BER |
Input Power Sensitivity |
CD Tolerance |
DGD |
Required worst case OSNR (0.1 nm RBW) |
PM-QPSK (200G) |
SD-FEC (27% overhead) |
<3.75x10E (–2) |
<10E (-15) |
0 to -13 dBm |
0 ps/nm |
- |
14.5dB |
+/- 100,000 ps/nm |
64 ps |
15 dB |
|||||
+/- 350,000 ps/nm |
64 ps |
15.7dB |
|||||
PM-8QAM (300G) |
SD-FEC (27% overhead) |
<3.75x10E (–2) |
<10E (-15) |
0 to -11 dBm |
0 ps/nm |
- |
19.1 dB |
+/- 100,000 ps/nm |
64 ps |
19.6 dB |
|||||
+/- 280,000 ps/nm |
64 ps |
20.3 dB |
|||||
PM-16QAM (400G) |
SD-FEC (27% overhead) |
<3.75x10E (–2) |
<10E (-15) |
0 to -10 dBm |
0 ps/nm |
- |
22.1 dB |
+/- 80,000 ps/nm |
64 ps |
22.8 dB |
|||||
+/- 150,000 ps/nm |
64 ps |
23.3 dB |
Table 6. Trunk performance-monitoring parameters
Area |
Parameter Name |
Description |
OTUk Monitoring (Near-end, Far-end, OTUk-SM, ODUk-PM) |
BBE |
Number of background block errors |
BBER |
Background block error ratio |
|
ES |
Number of errored seconds |
|
ESR |
Errored seconds ratio |
|
SES |
Number of severely errored seconds |
|
SESR |
Severely errored seconds ratio |
|
UAS |
Number of unavailable seconds |
|
FC |
Number of failure counts |
|
FEC |
Bit errors |
Number of corrected bit errors |
Uncorrectable words |
Number of uncorrectable words |
|
Q |
Q-factor |
|
Q-Margin |
Q-factor margin |
|
Trunk optical performance monitoring |
OPT |
Transmitter optical power |
LBC |
Transmitter laser bias current |
|
OPR |
Receiver optical power |
|
RCD |
Residual chromatic dispersion |
|
PMD |
Mean polarization mode dispersion |
|
OSNR |
Optical signal-to-noise ratio, calculated with 0.5-nm RBW |
|
SOPMD |
Second Order PMD (SOPMD) Estimation |
|
SOPCR |
Polarization Change Rate Estimation |
|
PDL |
Polarization Dependent Loss (PDL) Estimation |
Table 7. NCS 1004 specifications
Management |
|
Client and DWDM port LEDs
● No alarms
● Minor alarms
● Critical and Major alarms
|
● Green
● Amber
● Red
|
Physical |
|
Dimensions |
NCS1K4-1.2TL-K9 1.6” wide x 12.4” deep x 3.3” tall |
Weight |
NCS1K4-1.2TL-K9 3.32 Kg |
Storage temperature |
-28°C to 70°C (-20°F to 158°F) |
Operating temperature
● Normal
|
● 0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F)
|
Relative humidity
● Normal
● Short-term
1
|
● 5% to 85%, noncondensing
● 5% to 90% but not to exceed 0.024 kg water/kg of dry air
|
1 Short-term refers to a period of not more than 96 consecutive hours and a total of not more than 15 days in 1 year (a total of 360 hours in any given year, but no more than 15 occurrences during that 1-year period). The values shown are valid for M6 or M2 chassis. |
Table 8. Ordering information
Part Number |
Description |
NCS1K4-1.2TL-K9= |
Network Convergence System 1004 L Band Card |
XR-NCS1K4-720LK9 |
NCS 1004 L band IOS XR Software Release 721 RTU-USB key |
SF-NCS1K4-R720LK9 |
NCS 1K - R720 SW, NCS1004 L band |
Cisco environmental sustainability
Information about Cisco’s environmental sustainability policies and initiatives for our products, solutions, operations, and extended operations or supply chain is provided in the “Environment Sustainability” section of Cisco’s Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Report.
Reference links to information about key environmental sustainability topics (mentioned in the “Environment Sustainability” section of the CSR Report) are provided in the following table:
Sustainability topic |
Reference |
Information on product material content laws and regulations |
|
Information on electronic waste laws and regulations, including products, batteries, and packaging |
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